Use of drugs among teenagers in the United States

Interesting trends regarding the habit of doses among teenagers in the United States clear begun to be revealed through and through the work of various researchers. While in some key areas, the utilisation of drugs has nightf totallyd, in other areas increases have been found to exist in teenagers delectation of drugs. Such areas in which such trends have been detected include enforce of particular types of drugs, the availability of these to the students, and the demographic that is exposed to the drugs. Such substances as methamphetamine, marijuana, and ethical drug medication are drugs that have seen either increases or decreases in their public trends, and differences are being studied and detected in the genders solvent to these substances. This shew will define such trends and attempt to give gender-based reasons why these have occurred.The use of methamphetamine among students has demonst rund a decrease between 2005 and 2006. exercising by tenth part grade student s has decreased all over the year I. The decline rate among females has been from 3 to 2 percentII. The decline rate among males has been from 2.6 percent to 1.7 percentUsage by twelfth grade students has decreased over the year I. The decline rate among females is unsure but is suspected to be roughly the same as for malesII. The decline rate among males has been from 9 percent to 7.4 percentThe use of marijuana among students has show a decrease between the years 2005 and 2006. Usage by tenth grade students has decreased over the year I. The decline rate for lifetime users was 2.3%II. The decline rate in the availability of the drug is 1.9%Usage by twelfth grade students has decreased over the year I. It has been the trend for females to use less marijuana than malesII.The decline rate among females is unsure, but is suspected to be greater than that of malesIII.The decline rate among males has been from 9% to 7.4%The use of other drugs among students has present an increase be tween 2002 and 2006. Usage of MDMA (ecstasy) by females students has increased over the year I. go for has gone up from 2.7 percent to 4.0 percent.II. This represents an increase of 1.3 percentUsage of all emergelaw(a) drugs (apart from marijuana) by males is shown to be above that of females Usage of all illicit drugs (apart from marijuana) by males is shown to be on the decline. The use of drugs among males and females is influenced by different gender-based situations. custody are much apparent to have opportunities to use drugs than women Men are more likely than women to abuse drugs such as marijuana and inebriant Women are more likely to become addicted to sedatives I. Women take more time to report drug dependenceII. Women often use drugs in response to depression or eating disorders.Men and women differ in the effect that drug use has on their life choices I.Men are less likely to be drop out of high school as a result of drug use.II. Women are more likely to drop ou t of high school as a result of drug use.III. drug use in both sexes affects future regarding job qualifications and outcomes.Works CitedBustos, Jennifer. Gender Differences in medicate put on. St. Martins University. Lacey, WA. http//homepages.stmartin.edu/students/jennifer.bustos/256,1,Gender Differences in medicate UseLattimer, W. W., L. J. Floyd, M. Vasquez, M. OBrien, A, Arzola and N. Rivera. Substance Use Among School-based Youths in Puerto Rico Difference between Gender and Grade Levels. addictive Behavior. Vol. 29. No. 8. 2004. pp.1689-64.Lynch, Wendy J., Megan E. Roth and Marilyn E. Carroll. Biological Basis of Sex Difference in Drug Abuse Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies. Psychopharmacology. Vol. 164 121- 137, 2002.Naylor, Adam., Doug Gardner and Len Zaichowsky. Drug Use Patterns Among High School Athletes and Nonathletes statistical Data Included. Adolescence. Winter, 2001.NIDA. Gender Differences in Drug Abuse Risks and Treatments. The National get on Drug Abuse. Vol. 15. 4, 2000. http//www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol15N4/tearoff.htmlNIDA. High School and Youth Trends NIDA Infofacts. The National set on Drug Abuse. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2006. http//www.nida.nih.gov/pdf/infofacts/HSYouthTrends07.pdfRassino, Brian E., Sheila C. Ribordy, Kathryn Grant, Joseph R. Ferrari, Blake S. Bowden, and Jennifer Zeisz. Gender-Related Processes and Drug Use Self-Expression with Parents, Peer Group Selection, and Achievement Motivation. Adolescence. Spring, 2004.Ringel, J., R. L. Collins and P. L. Ellickson. High School Drug Use Predicts Job-Related Outcomes at Age 29. Addictive Behaviors. Vol. 32. No. 3, 2006. pp. 576-589.

Asserting Ethnic Identity and Power Through Language Essay

Week-1 The linguistic ideology at work hither is founded both on the concept of the mother tongue as healthy as on the one nation, one row principle. Communities on the occidental side of the border are not interested in association the lecture of their eastern neighbors. Eastern communities, on the other hand, are strongly motivated to learn western wordings. The importance attributed to English as the spoken spoken communication of globalization is common to both sides.We can actu everyy say that wrangle is a very hot and recurrent issue for some communities namely the German-speaking community in Bernstein (D), the Czech-speaking community in Vejprty (CS), the German-speaking and Slovenian-speaking communities in Eisenkappel/Z? elezna Kapla (A),etc. The term mother tongue is often single-valued functiond forms the flair of thinking of its speakers, and thus the different mentalities and case characters are connected with the use of different run-ins. Many informa nts are convinced that it is the mother tongue which determines thought, cordial behavior, and exhibition or control of affection and emotions.Thus the confrontation among languages automatically becomes a clash of mentalities. For example, the German-speaking community in Ba? renstein finds in that respect is a relation between the insurmountable difficulty in pronouncing and breeding the Czech language and the incomprehensibility of the words Czech-speaking people produce. masses in western communities explain this widespread knowledge by saying that the Others indigence to know my language, because my language is the superior One.We can also find indices of unuttered prestige in some(prenominal) interview quotes, like my language is profitable to find a job, my language is more inter subject field than theirs, it represents a symbol of upward social mobility the importance of my language forces them to learn it, and in this way they show practical sense, intelligence and cleverness, because they well know that the knowledge of the languages spoken on both sides of the border offers more professional and stinting opportunities.People are not generally interested in learning the language of the Other, and the reason is, as we cook already seen, its uselessness, or its low value on the language market. They however learn what they need in their commercial trans saves. Europe is a polyglot continent in which the tension between linguistic pluralism and assimilation is quite evident at present. Week-2 The topic for this hebdomad was Creation of a smack of Belonging through Language, which we found very much kindle as we have to present our receive explanation, views and thoughts.The topic is about Finland, Iceland and Latvia. first off we discussed about Finland that Swedish-speaking people along the coastlines, spoke a non-Scandinavian language, namely Finnish. The Finnish language was to become the most effective medium in the nation-building accomplish as well as the most important criterion in creating an awareness of a collective identity. Language became a defining distinctive towards the outside and a communicative driving force on the wrong within the great diversity of local and regional cultures.We could say that for the serve up of nation-building in Finland during the 19th century two main deficits had to be flood out sovereign state structures had to be developed and an individual Finnish national consciousness had to be formed. In the process of spreading a Finnish national consciousness a development often associated with the term awakening as in a religious experience the main concentre was directed towards the common people, their language and culture. Finlands modest pagan life, Finnish had gained the term of a youthful cultural and scientific language.The civil servants, scholars, and many artists, continued to use Swedish as their language of communication and publication. except Finnish ste adily gained ground. Many people were already, or became, bilingual. The accusation that Finnish was too primitive was defeated by generating new terms, which proved that the language was innovative and possessed the potential for development. In the discussion about Iceland by Halfdanarson. The text tells a story of Icelandic nationalism and the struggle for independence of Iceland under Danish rule.Halfdanarson points out the rare case of Icelandic nationalism, and its non-violent nature. In fact, according to the article, both Icelands struggle for independence and the Danish reactions to it were both surprisingly pacific in nature, dispersely because of the idea of divided past and cultural heritage between the two countries. at that place are certain elements in common with the case study of Iceland and Herders text, such as the idea of mystic, shared past of a nation, the determination of the single language of a social assemblage forming the nation and so on.I think es pecially in cases like Iceland, language and linguistic identity have essential role in formation of national identity. Iceland is isolated, both in geographical terms as an island in the set of Atlantic ocean and in terms of language. Although Icelandic is a language related to scandinavian languages, it still differes from them quite a lot. And lastly There was a question that is it possible to have a single language in unit of measurement Europe? We think its not possible to have a single langage in the whole Europe as there are many different countries with their own languages from last hundreds of years.In Europe, People communicate with each other using the shared language of their group. The group might be as small as a bitstock (married or unmarried partners, twins, mother and daughter etc. who share a private language where only they know the meaning of some words) or as large as a nation, where everyone understands the allusions in their shared language (often allusions to shared history, to contemporary events, to media people of fact or fiction etc). The hole-and-corner(a) language of the smallest group and the public language of the national group are two varieties of the same language.Every social group, large or small, has its own language variety, (regional groups have varieties of the national language (as opposed to regional or minority languages) which are usually called dialects) and there is overlap among all the varieties. stock-still there is a possibility to use English as a second language as use of English gives a right smart advantage to the 13 % of EU citizens who are native English speakers, and to speakers of fast related languages (German, Dutch, Danish and Swedish), over all other Europeans. Week-3 In the week 3, we learned about Language and subjective identity.The two articles were on Franz Kafka and Simone de Beauvoir. Franz Kafka was German though he never lived among the Germans. He was then victuals in Prague, Czec h. Hence Kafka knew both Czech & German languages. But, he preferent Czech Language as he was of the view that one could talk his/her feeling in a bring out way in a particular language. In this case, he thought that Czech was a better language than German to express his feelings. Franz Kafka was in love with Czech translating program Milena Jesenka. He employ to demand Milena to write him letters in Czech language than German. He belived in a approach belongs to a language.When Milena replied his letters in Czech, he believed that Czech was much more affectionate, which removes all the uncertainties, he could see his lover more clearly, the movements of her body, her hands quickly which some resembled as they both are meeting. This shows how Kafka prefered Czech more than German. Kafka encouraged his preferred sister Ottla in her marriage to Josef David, a Czech Catholic, against the opposition of parents and relatives, and wrote in a heartfelt way to his new brother-in-law in fluent Czech. For Prague Jews of Kafkas generation, language and identity could be painfully dissonant.In Kafkas case, this dissonance reached deep into his own family, conferring an extraterrestrial being quality on the most intimate of human relationships. Franz Kafka died of tuberculosis in 1924. He is buried beside his parents in the family plot in Pragues refreshing Jewish Cemetery. Simone de Beauvoir is a french Women. She was French writer, political activist, feminist, and social theorist. She gave her whole life for feminine rights and equality with men in Society. Beauvoir was an outstanding student. She did her grad student work at the Ecole Normale Superieure, the top postgraduate program in France, where she met denim Paul Sartre.When World War II broke out in September 1939, Sartre was called for military service. He became a prisoner of war when the French army surrendered, but he was released and both Beauvoir and Sartre participated in the resistance, and afte r the Vichy governing dismissed Beauvoir from her teaching position, she began a novel about the resistance. When the war ended, Beauvoir and Sartre became part of a group of leading French intellectuals, who concerned themselves with the perceived failures of modern French society. they founded Les Temps modernes as a means to explain their social and cultural views.At the same time, Sartre suggested to Beauvoir that she undertake a book on the status of women, and she published, La deuxieme sexe (The Second Sex). This was her most famous, and influential book. It became a sourcebook of modern feminism, oddly in the United States for later feminist thinkers such as Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem. De Beauvoir used very specific and effective and powerful words to underline her matter. She is voluntary to deploy language and words towards others, because she knows about a manner in which her body and her relation to the world are modified through the action of others than hersel f.

Why I am against the death penalty

Why I am against the find penaltyThe exhale punishment has been used for old ages as a manner to penalize the guilty. Over the old ages the travel punishment has equal our arbiter formation 1000000s. Besides the cost, it violates our man undecomposeds Bill and punishes the guiltless plenty. The get going punishment is non effectual at cut downing offense. Our society is non any safer and does non discourage people from interrupting the jurisprudence. There be many different options in our system to contend offense, plainly the decease punishment in non unrivalled of them.The decease punishment is supposed prevent others from killing barely it does non. Harmonizing to ending penalty Information Center the top academic criminological societies, 88 % of these experts rejected the impression that the decease punishment acts as a confirmation to carrying out. Fear of the decease punishment has small consequence on people perpetrating slaying. A slaying it normally s tarts, as an utterment gone hopeless when the individual is angry. The mean individual does non walk outside and says, I hypothesise I will kill today . No 1 makes decease punishment their first thought when they leave the house. It neer crosses the people disposition if they kill a individual, they will acquire the decease punishment. Peoples are quench killing and it has non slowed down the figure of slaying instances in the US. If the decease punishment is directing a message, unluckily no 1 is listening to the message.Second, the decease punishment cost more for an executing versus feeling in prison house. Our state spends 1000000s to put to termination confineds versus go forthing them in prison. Our state is holding a bud determine crisis but it seem like we pay 1000000s of dollars for the decease punishment. Harmonizing to wipeout Penalty Information Center California spends it cost $ 232.7 million per twelvemonth. A captive plunder pass life without parole cos t $ 90,000 a twelvemonth per inmate. We spend a immense sum for a system that has small consequence on offense.Third, the decease punishment goes against our Human Right Bill. On December 10, 1948, United Nations adopted the Human Rights Bill. Harmonizing to Article 5 provinces that No 1 shall be subjected to torment or to cruel, inhuman or degrading intervention or penalty . The decease punishment is granitic to worlds and a barbarous penalty. We say do non kill, but we are fashioning the same(p) thing. A signifier in which a human life is being taken by executing is unmerciful. Many captives reform enchantment they are in prison. Criminals have committed some indefinable offenses, but they do non merit to hold their life to stop. The US has changed the significance of Human Rights Bill to warrant our system subsiding of tonss against another. In 1986, 48 states has get rid of the decease punishment.Fourth, the decease punishment has executed people who are non guilty. If we continue the Death punishment, non guilty people will decease. Harmonizing to decease Penalty Information Center Since 1973, over 130 people have been released from decease row with grounds of their artlessness. From 2000-2007, there has been an norm of 5 exonerations per twelvemonth . The speculate with the decease punishment is that guiltless people is killed. The system makes errors and do non always have the grounds when convicting people. Many captives spend old ages functioning dress for a offense they did non make. There is no retributiveness for them or their households. Justice system do non oppugn how many non guilty has died. We can penalize them stop other ways beside the decease punishment.They argue that the decease punishment put to deathing those that are guilty. Capital penalty takes many stairss to guarantee that less errors is made. In support of their side it is true that crooks get a just test in the legal system. Our system assures that lives will be e xecute by executing, merely the opposite there small grounds to minute out that the decease punishment saves lives. revenge for a offense actor the justice system is traveling to acquire even for the offense you committed. Retribution it is a barbarous manner for our justness system warranting what they are reservation. taking the life of the people who has killed, we are making the same offense. Killing the felon is non traveling to comport back the victim. We justified it by stating it will convey closer to the victims households. The victim household heals no faster than they did while the captive was in gaol. They will sorrow the same manner in the same sum of clip. The system is adding slaying on top of slaying there is no terminal to offense. The rhythm goes on and does non stop and the whole smell is the stop slaying. At some point, the system has to confront world and happen another manner that works. Criminal s carry out slaying it is the lowest signifier of offense and the system does the same thing but it gets a enthusiast name.Despite the claim that capital penalty can function as a manner to halt felons. Showing would be felons the effects of their actions. There is a jurisprudence and justness system and you have followed it. The decease punishment should do people believe before making a offense but it is merely the antonym.All things consider the justness system is morally incorrect when it comes to the decease punishment. The cost to put to death a individual is more expensive than life in prison without word. Knowing that guiltless people will be executed it is stonyhearted manner of penalty. We should concentrate more on how stop and prevent offense.

High School Graduation Day Essay

Many people have experienced the everyplace whelming excitement that you feel as you approach high school school grade mean solar twenty-four hours, and for me, thats a day that I will neer forget. The beat of emotions that you feel on commencement exercise day is unbeliev equal to(p), and I have in so off the beaten track(predicate) to experience anything else like it. I can remember feeling dying(p) to celebrate the big day with my friends and family, while at the same age I was panicking thinking ab proscribed having to walk across the represent in front of that many a(prenominal) people.Then, the more(prenominal) I thought about the human race of graduation day, I started to get curious, solely nervous, about being able to start a sunrise(prenominal) chapter in my life once graduation day had passed. There are several reasons why I, still to this day, numerate high school graduation day one of the most arouse days of my life. As exciting as it was to finally gr aduate high school, I still had some mix emotions about it. When they called my name, I walked to the facial expression of the stage, where I had to wait in a short line onward actually crossing the stage.I couldnt wait to get that diploma in my hand, but I really thought I was spillage to have a panic attack on the side of the stage before that happened. I finally made it up onto the stage I shook the principles hand one last time as he handed me my diploma, and made it back off the stage without anything embarrassing happening. When I sat back down I felt relief that I had gotten that part over with, and could enjoy the remainder of the graduation. When the graduation ceremony came to an end, I rushed to the auditorium to celebrate with all of my friends and family.I couldnt believe how many people came to celebrate our graduation day with us. I knew my friends immediate families, but I got to meet everyones extended families, and hear stories about them that I will never for get. Then I took what felt like a million pictures, and hugged everyone I knew, and headed off to my graduation party to continue the festivity with the ones that I loved the most. That shadow I think I smiled and laughed more than I ever have in my life. As the end of the night approached us, I couldnt stop thinking about how many mixed emotions I had about starting a whole new chapter in my life.I couldnt wait to go to college, meet all new people, get a degree so that I could start my race path, but I knew that meant I had to say goodbye to my two best friends, who were moving several hours away from me. This was one of the hardest things I had ever had to do in my life. We all cried a little, and and so made promises to keep in touch, and then we were off into the real world I was very keen to be at this point in my life, but I was panicked deep down inside. When I look back on this day now, I still remember every detail as if it was yesterday.I was so proud, and happy to be able to celebrate such an dire day with all of my friends and family. I know I will never forget how embarrassed I was walking across the stage in front of all of those people, feeling famous after taking so many pictures, making our final memories together at our graduation parties, and then being a nervous wreck when it was time to go out into the world without my best friends at my side. High school graduation day was a very emotional day for me, but it was by far the most exciting day I have ever experienced in my life.

Professional,ethical and moral issues faced by ICT users Essay

ABSTRACTThis subject argona is a study of calculating machine ethics, morals and professional person issues facing prep areing Communication Technology (ICT) riding habitrs and its relevance to todays society at large. This issues do not only face ICT users only but the conception at large, because it whitethorn consume effect positively and negatively. This handle aims to mannikin knowledge or enhance the understanding ab bulge ICT and its ethics, morals and professional issues. The report has identified and discussed the impacts of ethics, morals and professional issues facing ICT users and how this will have negative and positive effects on the users of ICT. The report concludes by discussing attainable ways on how to solve this issues and what has been d adept to reduce this issues.INTRODUCTION gibe to (Anon., 2010) ICT is the technologies that makes mass to be able to acquire information through telecommunications. It chiefly focuses on communication technologies wh ere spate can communicate verbally and non-verbally. This includes the bureau of internet, wireless networks, cell bring forwards, social networks and other innovated means of communication. Through ICT commonwealth can communicate from different countries and it has created a global village in a situation where great deal communicate as if they living adjacent door. Since users of ICT enjoy the easily life brought by ICT there are around issues faced by users of ICT which are honorable, moral and professional. This is through manipulating technology in a bad way to use or access information, callable(p) to much(prenominal) it brings up problems makes individuals to consider ICT in a more meticulous way.1. ETHICAL ISSUES FACING ICT USERS(Kuzu, 2009) States that com arrangeer ethics is the change of studying involving facts, values, substructure and policies due to rapid computer technologies. Whereas (T.Sembok, 2003) views ethics as the basic rules that serviceman ought to follow or do to refrain one from immoral acts such as stealing, fraud and murder. The good thing about ethics is that people are accountable for the choices and decisions they make. just now the bad thing is that people may abuse their power and do bad things due to the human rights and do what best suits them. ICT aids the capability of humans to be able to capture, comprehend, adjudge process and destroy information at a vast fixity and magnitude. (T.Sembok, 2003) Argues that the impact and changes due to ICT are not good.1.1 UnemploymentThe rapid use of change teller machines ( air) has ca utilize a drop in employment. This is due to the use of ATMs to get money sent through cell telephone set from services akin cell phone banking. The service of cell phone banking, one can send money to a persons account through the pay to cell method and e-wallet. By this people no longer have to queue in lines to deposit money. But it is bad because people working at the bank lose o ut on their jobs due to people diverting to the innovated technology. It is a good set about by ICT because money can be sent instantly and collecting of money can be done anytime at ATMs unlike collecting it at the bank which has stipulated working time.1.2 HackingHacking computers is done by youngster this is because they have a complex understanding of cracking codes and disregard into computers and become undetected. This is because they are taught how to use computers at a tender age. An suit of this is when a boy called Michael Calce in February 8, 2000 when he took down big sites like yahoo. He said that his father bought hi a computer when he was six years old this typically shows that hacking is done by youngsters due to the fact that they are taught at young age. But it is good because they are being equipped with the knowledge on how to use computers. December 29, 2001 A hacker intrusion on the Malaysian parliament website has reportedly generated upbraiding from some officials who claim the tellment has taken a slapdash betterment to internetsecurity. (T.Sembok, 2003)2. MORAL ISSUES FACED BY ICT USERSMorals are rules that govern behaviour which actions are right and vilify. It is upon a person to choose a side which is right or wrong. The users of ICT use it in a wrong way like through2.1 PIRACYAccording to (T.Sembok, 2003) package plagiarization is the topic of conversation. Piracy is the unauthorized duplication of copyright content, the good thing about piracy is that people are able to purchase pirated goods at a lower price. But it has negative effects on the superior producers of those goods like DVD, CD because their goods would not be bought due to the high price. So it entirely depends on the customers to do what is right or wrong for their interest. mixer NETWORKINGSocial networking is one of the most innovations in the 21st century. The advantage of it is that one can be in touch with friends and families around the world. Busin ess people can advertise their businesses in the social networks to get a mix of potential consumers. Most youngsters who use social networking in become inclined to Face view as, Whatsapp. They can spend a lot of their time on their gadgets communication through the social networking hence ICT. This deprives their time of socialising physically and their school work. It also encourages cyber bullying because people can create fake accounts and use them to bully people which is bad.3. PROFESSIONAL ISSUES FACED BY ICT USERSIt is knowledge skills in a widely recognised body of learning derived from research, education and teaching at a high level. (T.Sembok, 2003) ict professionals sometimes face hardships (Gorniak-Kocikowska, 2006)CONCLUSIONThe report identified findings on ethical. Moral and professional issues facing ICT. On the ethical issue of unemployment due to innovation of ICT in bank services. Governments are essay by all means to try to find jobs for its people. They a re arduous to interlink technology and humans so that theycomplement each other. These eld there is internet security which protects ICT users to keep their computers safe from being hacked .this software protects computer users whilst browsing the internet to prevent it from being hacked. People are advised not to click pop ups in the internet as it is a way of hacking. But Michael Calce called mafia boy wrote a book on how he was able to hack the internet and how it is still threatened even though there is internet security. The title of the book is How I cracked the internet and Why its still vulnerable. He states that computer crime has changed from largely a matter of hackers seeking technical challenges to one of criminals motivated strictly by money. The world international laws have put a stiff laws on piracy. Whoever is caught practising piracy will be seriously punished also those who purchase pirated stuff. According to (Gorniak-Kocikowska, 2006) ICT can be used for e thical or unethical purposes. This is because the danger of ICT being used to vituperate humans is real.

Pros and Cons of Genetically Modified Foods Essay

Our ancestors first cultivated builds some(prenominal) ten meter courses ago. They domesticated puppets later and then selectively bred both deedss and animals to sports meeting various requirements for human food. Humans discovered natural biological processes such(prenominal) as fermentation of fruits and grains to start out wine and beer, and yeast for baking bread. economic consumption of foods is non a untriedfound story, therefore. The latest agricultural discovery uses transmitted engineering technology to modify foods.Farmers and plant breeders relieve whizself been changing rove plants to im raise characteristics such as size, resistance to disease and taste. Plants which grow well, confuse a higher yield or taste better atomic number 18 selected and bred from. This is quiet down the most widely used technique for overhauling new varieties of a operate, and is limited by natural barriers which stop different species of beingnesss from breed with each f ormer(a). Genetic modification is very different to these traditional plant breeding techniques. Genetic modification is the insertion of DNA from champion organism to other, usually by molecular technologies. inheritedally special Foods (GMF) argon animals or plants that boast had genetic modification. This changes the characteristics of the organism, or the way it grows and develops.Jim Maryanski from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, had the adjacent to say in an interview published on the FDAs website. in that location argon hundreds of new plant varieties introduced every year in the get together States, and all have been genetically modify through traditional plant breeding techniquessuch as cross-fertilization of selected plantsto buzz off desired traits. (Robin)Current and future(a) GM mathematical products includea)Food that tolerate deliver vaccines bananas that produce hepatitis B vaccineb)More wholesome foods rice with increased iron and vitaminsc)Fas ter growing fish, fruit and junky treesd)Plants producing new plasticsIn so many another(prenominal) another(prenominal) respects, genetic modification is perfect for todays society. It would function agriculturalists overcome all headaches associated with growing large tramps, and basically orientate the food fruit industry to mass consumption by the planetary population. The famous frost-resistant tomato plant example is perfect in illustrating this point.With a tomato thatresists frost, the season for growing them would be longer and therefore a husbandman would be qualified to produce more than than tomatoes in one year than they were able to do in the past. Gene technology not simply gives us the potential to select the exact characteristics we require in an organism, nevertheless when it also enables us to cross species barriers. For example, we can take an biting louseicide-producing gene from a bacterium and insert it into a plant, making the plant resistan t to insect attack. This new-found ability to cross species barriers is what makes gene technology such a almighty tool. Producing enough food for the humankinds population with give away using up all the available land is an enormous challenge. One solution is to develop crops that yield more with fewer inputs that argon more resistant to diseases that indulge less during storage and transport that contain more useful nutrients and that can grow in agricultural land that has been degraded. Gene technology gives us the potential to do this.Genetically change foods have been available since the 1990s. The adept ingredients of GM foods currently available are derived from genetically modified soybean, clavus and canola. The first commercially giving genetically modified food crop was a tomato created by Calgene called the FlavrSavr. Calgene submitted it to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for assessment in 1992 next the FDAs determination that the FlavrSavr was, i n fact, a tomato, did not constitute a health hazard, and did not need to be tagged to indicate it was genetically modified, Calgene released it into the commercialize in 1994, where it met with little public comment. Considered to have a poor flavor, it never sold well and was off the market by 1997. However, it had improved solids table of contents which made it an attractive new pastiche for canned tomatoes.Transgenic crops are grown commercially or in sector trials in over 40 countries and on 6 continents. In 2000, closely 109.2 million acres (442,000 km) were planted with transgenic crops, the principal ones being herbicide- and insecticide-resistant soybeans, corn, cotton, and canola. early(a) crops grown commercially or field-tested are a sweet potato resistant to a US strain of a virus that affects one out of the more than 89 different varieties of sweet potato grown in Africa, rice with increased iron andvitamins such as halcyon rice, and a variety of plants able t o survive extreme weather.Between 1996 and 2001, the marrow surface area of land cultivated with GMOs had increased by a factor of 30, from 17,000 km (4.2 million acres) to 520,000 km (128 million acres). The value for 2002 was cxlv million acres (587,000 km) and for 2003 was 167 million acres (676,000 km). soja crop represented 63% of total surface in 2001, stinker 19%, cotton 13% and canola 5%. In 2004, the value was about 200 million acres (809,000 km) of which 2/3 were in the United States.In typeicular, Bt corn is widely grown, as are soybeans genetically designed to tolerate glyphosate herbicides. Future applications of GMOs include bananas that produce human vaccines against infected diseases such as Hepatitis B, fish that mature more quickly, fruit and nut trees that yield years earlier, and plants that produce new plastics with unique properties. The next ten-spot will see exponential progress in GM product development as look intoers gain increasing and unprecedent ed access to genomic resources that are applicable to organisms beyond the scope of individual projects.Biologist Stephen Nottingham explains the jeopardizes of GMFExperimental trials with transgenic organisms are usually conducted strict regulations to minimize the potential spread of genetic naturalEven given these regulations, however, no field trial can be said to be 100% secure. This was illustrated when flooding struck the American middle west in July 1993 and an entire field of experimental insect-resistant maize was swept away(predicate) in Iowa. once released accidentally into the environment, plant material whitethorn prove difficult to recover. (Bragi)Unique ecological risks have been associated with virus-resistant transgenic crop plantsleaving crops more undefended to virus attack and risking the spread of virus susceptibility to other plants.Genetically modified foods are unlikely to present direct risks to human health. on that point are two main areas of concer na)The possibility of allergic reactions to genetically modified foods, andb)The possibility that bacteria living in the human wild sweet pea may acquire resistance to antibiotics from markergenes present in transgenic plants.Proponents shout that a genetically-modified potato is as safe as one modified the old-fashioned way, through generations of selective breeding biotechnology just gets the muse done more quickly. Critics are concerned that mixing together genetic material from different species might produce unexpected allergic reactions in the person who take or drinks it. For instance, if an individual consumer who is allergic to broccoli eats a banana that just happens to have a little broccoli DNA under the peel, that person might get sick. Some studies on animals indicate that consuming genetically-modified foods may cause allergic responses, compromise insubordinate systems and inhibit organ growth, although no proven cases of widespread reactions have been definitiv ely documented.Opponents of biotech foods want other questions answered, as well. Will re-engineering a plant or animal to serve a particular proposition end, such as improving taste, falling off its nutritional value? Will consuming genetically-modified food products make a person more resistant to antibiotics, which are widely used to get by bacterial infections? Does consuming milk or meat from livestock that has been injected with growth hormones (a form of biotechnology that is different from genetic modification) subject consumers to early puberty, cancer, and other ailments?Since neither side has been able to provide definitive answers, the jury is still out on food safety after all, genetic technology itself is barely decades old.So one can condense the issue into a single question should we move forward with new technologies that might help provide higher crop yields, new and interesting types of food products, and more profits for the companies that own the technology or play it safe and calculate until we better understand the health and environmental consequences of manipulating life forms that took generations to develop? international Corporations gather because GMF can be very profitable. GMF have taken put up quickly because multinational corporations with the resources to make large financial investments in research and development can profit directly. Multinational companies can spread out the benefit and profit to many branches of their businesses. Many such corporations combine the following an agrochemical company, a seedcompany, a pharmaceutical company, a food process company and sometimes businesses involved with veterinary products. Developments in one part of the corporation can be used to shell out products in another branch.Farmers benefit in the short term because they can grow and sell more crops with fewer problems due to weeds, pests, fungi or frost. The genetically modified seed is designed to resist these traditional ene mies.Food processing companies benefit from a ready supply of raw food ingredients designed for specific processing needs. Genetically modified tomatoes and potatoes, for instance, have higher solid contents and yield more sauces and French fries. These foods take longer to ripen and rot. hence less food is spoiled and more gets processed.Supermarkets benefit for the same reasons. The voguish produce lasts longer on the shelves and is more profitable. Consumers, to date, havent benefited. GMF have been developed for the convenience of the producer and processor. Yet they cost more to produce and the costs get passed along to the consumer. Eventually there will be some kind of designer novelty foods for shoppers to try.Nottingham adds that there are many other concerns including ethical questions involving animal welfare, whether DNA is actual life, and intellectual prop rights and genetic resources from the Third World. (Bragi)The worlds poorest nations account for around 95.7% of the worlds genetic resources. Traditional farming practices involve farmers retaining seeds, from the harvest of one years crop, for planting in the following year. This practice saves cash on buying seed and in itself represents a continuous pick for yield and resistance to pests and diseases. However, with genetically modified seed, royalties are payable to the companies retention the patent for the seed. Under world trade agreement rulings, farmers have to make substantial royalty payments to multinational companies if they reinforcement seed for replanting, even if the crop happens to be native to their particular country.Genetic engineering is a of import new technology that can develop more plentiful and nutritious foods, with great potential benefits for humanity and the environment, and this new scientific discovery needs to be implemented as quickly as possible for improver reasons. As with every new scientific technology, harmful side personal effects of genetic engineering are inevitable and great care should be taken in its implementation, including carefully controlled long-term tests on human health and environmental impacts.All genetically engineered foods have been thoroughly tested and exhibit to be safe before they are released into the marketplace. However, this exam is typically conducted alone on rats and other animals, by the companies involved. Very little of this research has been reviewed by independent scientists and then published in scientific journals.Genetically engineered foods are usually substantially equivalent to other foods, with no increased risk to human health, and no need for the lengthy and expensive human testing demanded of, for example, new food additives. However, the unpredictable disruptions in normal DNA mental process caused by genetic engineering can produce unanticipated and unfamiliar side effects for human health, including unknown and unpredictable toxins and allergens, and these possibilitie s can only be definitively assessed through human testing.Genetic engineering is a scientific and technological process, and its evaluation and governmental regulation should be based on purely scientific and objective criteria. To have a purely scientific evaluation of genetically engineered foods, we need more science, especially human studies and environmental studies. Moreover, purely scientific assessment of genetic engineering ignores the fact that, for many people, food has cultural, ethical and religious dimensions that must also be considered.Alan McHughen, write of Pandoras Picnic Basket The Potential and Hazards of Genetically Modified Foods, in the introduction he statesMake no mistake I am in favor of an orderly and appropriately regulated introduction of some GMOs into the environment and marketplace, and Iadamantly oppose others. There are nice reasons to ban certain products of genetic technology, and good reasons to allow, with management, certain others some may require no extraordinary regulation at all. If your opinion differs from exploit after reading this book, I hope you will be able to justify, if only to yourself, why we disagree.My philosophy is to be skeptical, be critical, even distrustful of claims by business interests, government agencies, and activist groups. But also keep an open mind and then decide for yourself. (Internet 7)Theres no question that the GM food supply should be closely monitored and regulated, but that doesnt mean it should all be banned. I believe that genetic engineering of plants, animals, and humans has much to offer as long as we are aware of potential benefits and side effects. And thats true even for more traditional methods of farming, animal husbandry, and medicine.Work Sited1.Cummings, Michael R., and Williams S. Klug. Concepts of Genetics. in the buff Delhi Pearson Education, 2004.2.Dubey, R.C. A Textbook of Biotechnology. New Delhi S. Chand, 20063.Kumar, H.D. Modern Concepts of Biotechnology. New Delhi Vikash Publishing House, 20034.Purohit, S. Agricultural Biotechnology. India Agrobios, 20055.Purohit, S. Biotechnology Fundamental and Applications. India Agrobios, 2004Internet bring up1.Bragi, David. Food Savior Or Frankenfood? The Debate Over Genetically Modified Foods. http//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/gate/archive/2001/06/25/healthwatch.DTL2.Robbin, Adria. What Are We Eating? http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/ biological science/b103/f00/web1/robbin.html3.Schultz, Norman. http//www.beyondintractability.org/essay/fact_finding_limits/4.Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia. http//www.wikipedia.org/wiki/genetic_engineering5.Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia. http//www.wikipedia.org/wiki/genetically_modified_food6.Genetic Engineering The Controversy. http//www.genetic-id.com/prosncons/index.htm7.http//www.foodmuseum.com/issues.html

Hyundai Motor Company

Background of the Organization Hyundai Motor association (Hyundai) is the areas fifth largest automobile social club. It is the South Korea home plated global maker of automobiles, and operates as a unit of Hyundai Motor Group.The fraternity along with its subsidiaries and affiliates is elusive in the design, development and manufacturing of passenger cars under the brand names of Equus, genesis, Genesis Coupe, Azera, Sonata, Elantra, Accent, Getz, i30, i30cw, i20, i10 and recreational vehicles under the brand names of Veracruz/ix55, Santa Fe, Tucson/ix35, ix20, and H-1 and commercial vehicles which include speciality and heavy duty automobiles and relevant parts. The company maintains a global proceeds establishment consisting of manufacturing plants and operational facilities in Korea, the US, chinaware, India, Turkey, Czech Republic, Russia, and Brazil.It maintains a global base of technical research centers in Korea, the US, Germany, Japan, and India. The company mark et its products in much than 180 countries through its operational network of 32 overseas employment and sales subsidiaries, and more than 6,000 dealers. Hyundai is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. The companys strategic intent focuses on maintaining its leading position in the global automotive market. The company recently adopted a new management sentiment to focus on the development of a global production system with emphasis on emerging markets such as China India, and Brazil.Recently, the company in collaboration with KOICA and PLAN Korea, planned to launch a vomit related to the development of technical training centre for automobile remunerate in several African nations. Key Recent Developments of Hyundai Motor community Nov 21, 2011 Hyundai Joins European Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Demonstration course of instruction Oct 04, 2011 EU Officials to Drive Fuel-cell Hyundai ix35 family line 28, 2011 Hyundai to Expand EV Development Sep 06, 2011 Hyundai to Come Out Wi th New Electric Vehicle Brand For China May 31, 2011 SK Innovation Commences Construction On EV Batteries Facility HistoryChung Ju-Yung as a small engineering and construction company founded the Hyundai in 1947. In 1965 Hyundai began its operations outside South Korea, expanding production to Thailand, Vietnam and Guam. The name Hyundai is a Korean word meaning Modernity. The Hyundai motor company was founded in 1967. This celebrated company has been involved in construction, electronics, chemicals, shipbuilding, heavy industry and financial services. The companys first model was released with the cooperation with Ford motor company, the Cortina in 1968. In 1967, they began exporting to Ecuador and Benelux countries.In 1991, Hyundai successfully developed its own proprietary gasoline engine. Hyundai Motors India circumscribed was established in 1996 with its production plant in Irrungattukatoi near Chennai, India. In 1998, Hyundai became a world class brand. During 1999, Chung Mo ng Koo, son of Chung Ju Yung was given leadership of Hyundai Motors. In 2004 a survey by Power and Associates ranked Hyundai the second in initial timber. In 2006 Chung Mong Koo was arrested for embezzlement of 100 billion SKW, and Vice electric chair and CEO Kim Dong-Jin took over as head of Hyundai.Philosophy and Objectives of the Organization The Hyundai Motor Companys Philosophy represents the values and the principles that are the core of the brass. Realize the dream of mankind by creating a new future through expert thinking and continuously challenging new frontiers. Core Values Promotes a customer driven corporate culture by providing the best quality and impeccable service with all values centered on their customers. cross every opportunity as greater challenges and achieve the goals with unwavering passionateness and ingenious thinking.Creates synergy through a sense of togetherness that is fostered by uncouth communication and cooperation within the company and wi th their business partners. They believe the future of the organization lies in the hearts capabilities of individual members, and will help them develop their voltage by creating a corporate culture that respects talent. Respects the miscellanea of cultures and customs, aspire to be the worlds best at what we do, and deform to become a respected global corporate citizen.

Free-Speech on College Campuses Essay

Thesis Statement The rampart of hate- voice communication or either dialect which constitutes a clear and present peril to students on college campuses is a good and necessary policy. Summary of Opinions The put out of free- reference on college campuses poses a complex debate. Key factors of the controversy include the rights to personal safety and free expression, as hearty as factors of racial and gender tolerance. The volatile nature of the issue ensures adjudication at the highest levels and similarly a faraway-reaching historical set of precedents, none of which has successfully answered the issues of free-speech and civic welfare. It seems prudent that the US Constitution should provide the framework by which all in all policies of free-speech are reckoned. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution states, in part, that Congress shall bewilder no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech. This freedom is deemed a fundamental right, because it assures soulfulness self-fulfillment or autonomy, (Zingo 17) . Zingo discusses how the 1st amendment serves many interests it is a means of progress knowledge and searching for truth it gives all members of society an opportunity to get in in the political process of self-governance and it provides a safety valve for society because suppression of interchange is injurious to society. (Zingo) With that in mind, it is also useful to peruse counter-arguments which posit a more modernist interpretation of the First Amendment. Media-law experts attempt to impose the eighteenth-century apotheosiss of freedom of speech and press on the modern world as if no changes wealthy person taken place. Today, First Amendment doctrine assumes that governmental censorship still poses a greater and more real threat to our rational self-governing ideal than self-gratification, (Collins, and Skover 25). However, the Constitutional and judicial basis for restrictions on free speech stands far aside from this contention the Supreme Court ruled on a study challenging speech regulation question in every case is whether the words used are used in such mickle and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the satisfying evils that Congress has a right to prevent. It is a question of proximity and degree, (Zingo 18).Questions and rhetorical StrategiesKey questions1) What constitutes clear and present danger?2) What are methods for enforcing legislation.3) How flummox prior Supreme Court first amendment cases been decided?4) How to define a hate-crime.rhetorical strategies To convince that racism, sexism, and hate-crimes constitute a clear and present danger to students on college campuses will require evidence and citation from legal opinions and legal precedent. The hate-crime agree to preliminary research seems to be a well-established fact, backed by satisfying evidence and scientific study. Despite the tremendous strides resulting from civil right s legislation, racism carcass one of the most pressing social problems in the USHate crimes have been prominent on university campuses for the last two decades but vary widely in their targets and severity. (Marcus et al.) Whether or not a college chooses to restrict the freedom of speech based on the Constitutional premise of clear and present danger there is a question as to whether or not prohibition of discriminatory speech, alone, will curtail racist and discriminatory practices. In recent years, attempts to curtail racially discriminatory activities have focused largely on speech codes to limit inflammatory presentations (Altman, 1993) but these attempts have not been well received. (Marcus et al.) Audience I believe that prohibition of hate-speech or any speech which constitutes a clear and present danger to students is an important issue for all citizens, but especially to those who may be impacted directly by hate-crimes. Most minority students wqill probably be sympathe tic to my thesis spell conservatives will see it as an infringement of civil rights. Ironically, liberals may also view it this way, or even more ironically they may not view it this way and in so doing, they will have run short sympathetic to a restraining of free-speech. BibliographyCollins, Ronald K. L., and David M. Skover. The Death of Discourse. Boulder, CO Westview Press, 1996.Marcus, Ann, et al. Perceptions of Racism on Campus. College pupil Journal 37.4 (2003) 611+.Zingo, Martha T. Sex/Gender Outsiders, Hate Speech, and Freedom of Expression keep They Say That about Me?. Westport, CT Praeger Publishers, 1998.Jacobs, James B., and Kimberly Potter. Hate Crimes Criminal rectitude & Identity Politics. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2001.

Lexical Stylistic Devices

LEXICAL stylistic DEVICES Metaphor Genuine parables Trite(dead) metaphors Metonymy Metonymy Metonymy is the trans fleck of one word for a nonher with which it is associated The blanched House verbalize (the American g everywherenment) the press (newspapers and magazines) the cradle(infancy, place of origin)the grave(death) The h altogether applauded The stain spoke The kettle is turn I am fond of Agatha Chris subjoin We didnt speak because at that place were ears all around us He was ab proscri behind a sentence absent from needing plastic surgery . Synecdoche SimileShe passed through the orchard worry a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed across the garden. bromide I want to reach young at a skilful honest-to-god age. chaff Irony Well done A book friend you ar What a noble illustration of the tender laws of this favoured solid ground they let the poor go to sleep Irony must not be conf utilize with humour, although they leave very much in common. humo ur constantly causes laughter. But the engage of irony is not to produce a slapstick effect. Irony is to the highest degreely use to convey a ostracise feeling irritation, displeasure, pity or regret. EpithetEpithet coveys the subjective positioning of the writer as it is use to characterize an inclination and pointing out to the reader roughly properties or features of the object. Epithet fills at rating of these properties or features. Heart-burning smile wild winds unwarranted terrors voice tiny sands spectral beauty deep feelings sleepless bay. frozen epithets (stock images) atomic number 18 mostly used in ballads and folk-songs true love, pitiful forest, sweet Sir, fountain wood exhaustively ship, prevail cavaliers. From the point of view of their integrative structure epithets may be divide into simple, compound, phrase and sentence epithets.Simple grimy midnight brilliant answer sweet smile. manifold heart-braking sigh good-for-nothing cuss Phra se epithets and sentence epithets 1. Personally I detest her (Giacondas) smug, mystery-making, come-hither- unless-go-away-again-because-solelyter-wouldnt-melt-in-my-mouth expression. 2. in that respect is a sort of Ohwhata-wicked-world-this-is-and-how-I-wish-I-could-do- some(prenominal)thing-to-make-it-better-and-nobler expression approximately Montmorency that has been cognize to bring to teatime s into the eyes of pious old ladies and gentlemen.The r eersed epithets, or metaphorical, atomic number 18 of two showcases 1) two nouns ar cerebrate in an of-phrase a tantalize of a job A critical Flying Dutchman of a taxicab2) The predicative is in the inverted position Fools that they are Wicked as he is Transferred epithets describe the state of a human existence hardly referred to an animate object sleepless rest unbreakfasted morning merry hours an immaterial shoulder sick chambers. Oxymoron Oxymoron is a conspiracy of two dustup in which their meaning clash, bei ng opposite in sense Sweet sadness pleasantly ugly face earsplitting silence horribly beautiful.The next example describes the authors attitude to New York I reject its vastness and power. It has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great men, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers of both town I ever saw. (Satiric mocking) Allusion Allusion is reference to a famous historical, literary, mythological, biblical or everyday life history character or event, commonly known. As a rule no indication of the source is given. Its his Achilles heel. Antonomasia Antonomasia is mean to point out the leading, most characteristic features of a person or of event.It categorizes the person and simultaneously indicates twain the general and the particular. Antonomasia can be delimitate as a intermixture of allusion Vralman, Molchalin, Mr. Zero, Don Juan. Metalepsis Metalepsis is a reference to something remotely associated with the theme of the destination. Ive got to go catch the worm tomorrow morning. said Mary. (The early bird catches the worm- a proverb) Zeugma Zeugma (syllepsis) is the use of a word in the same grammatical however different semantic relations. It creates a semantic incongruity which is frequently humorous 1.He lost his hat and his temper. 2. and covered themselves with spread out and glory. -Mark Twain 3. Oae ai? au e aaa nooaaioa. Iaei a aaeioao, a? oaie a oieaa? neoao. 4. The alphabet was higher up the blackboard and friendly atmosphere was there. 5. And mays bewilder always stood on her gentility and Doras mother never stood on anything but her active feet. Pun Pun ( similarly known as paronomasia) is a pass on confusion of similar sounding words for humorous effect. Puns are often used in jokes and riddles. E. g. 1. What is the difference amongst a schoolmaster and an engine-driver? integrity trains the mind and the other minds the train. ) 2. The name Justin eon sounds like just in time 3. I stick no idea how worms reproduce but you often find them in pairs (pears). 4. Officer. -What steps (measures) would you take if an enemy tankful were coming towards you? Soldier. Long ones. Interjections and Exclamatory lecture Interjections and Exclamatory Words are used to express our strong feelings they are conventional symbols of human emotions. The interjection is not a sentence it is a word with strong emotional meaning. Interjections radiate the emotional element over the whole utterance.Here are some of the meanings that can be expressed by interjections joy, delight, admiration, approval, disbelief, astonishment, fright, regret, dissatis itemion, boredom, sadness, blame, reproach, protest, horror, irony, sarcasm, self-assurance, despair, disgust, surprise, sorrow, and many others. Oh Ah Pooh Gosh Alas domain Dear me God Come on Look here By the Lord Bless me Humbug alarming Awful Great wondrous Fine Man Boy why Well prolixity Periphrasis denotes the use of a longer express in place of a possible shorter and planer form of expression.It is also called circumlocution due to the round- just about or indirect way to name a familiar object. There are traditional periphrases which are not stylistic impostures, they are synonymic expressions The giver of rings, the schoolmaster lord, the leader of hosts (king), the play of swords(battle), a shield-bearer(warrior), the summit and gown (student), the fair bring up (women), my better half (my wife). The traditional tediousness is an important feature of epos poetry. Periphrasis as stylistic device is a new, genuine nomination of an object. Stylistic periphrasis can be divided into logical and figurative. luculent instruments of destruction (pistols), he most pardonable of human weaknesses (love). Figurative periphrasis is based either on metaphor or on metonymy. To tie the knot (to marry), the punctual servant of all work (the sun). There is little difference between metaphor or metonymy and periphrasis . Euphemisms Euphemism is a word or a phrase used to convert an unpleasant word or expression to die=to pass away, to be no more, to depart, to join the majority, to be gone to kick the bucket, to give up the ghost, to go west. So, euphemisms are synonyms which aim to produce a mild effect. Euphemisms may be divided into several(prenominal) groups 1) religious, 2) oral, 3) medical, 4) parliamentary. a woman of a certain(prenominal) type(whore), to glow(to sweat),mental hospital(madhouse), the big C(cancer), sanitation worker(garbage man). miosis/Under teaching Meiosis/Understatement is a figure of speech which intentionally understates something or implies that it is less in significance, size, than it really is. For example, a attorney defending a schoolboy who find fire to school, might call the fact of arson a frivolity (i? iaaeea). Hyperbole Hyperbole is a measured overstatement or hyperbole of a phenomenon or an object. He was so tall that I could not see his face. Proverbs and SayingsProverbs and sayings are brief statements sho go in condensed form life experience of the community and serving as conventional symbols for compendium ideas. They are usually didactic and image rearing. Proverbs and sayings have some typical features rhythm, sometimes rhyme and or alliteration. 1. Early to bed and early to rise, 2. Out of sight, out of mind. Iineiaeou iaeaaa? o aoeaaeuiui e/eee ia? aiiniui niuneii. Aeaia ioeoa ii iieaoo. Iiaiai? ee eia? o oieuei aoeaaeuiue ieai. Ai? y aiyouny- n? anouy ia aeaaou. Epigrams Epigrams are terse, witty statements, video display the turn of mind of the originator.Epigram is a stylistic device akin to a proverb, the only difference being that epigrams are coined by people whose call we know, while proverbs are the mintage of the people. A God that can be understood is not a God. Quotations Quotation is a repetition of a phrase or statement from a book, speech and the like used by the way of illustration, cogent e vidence or as a rump for further speculation on the matter. By repeating the utterance in a new environment, we attach to the utterance an importance. Allegory Allegory is a device by which the name calling of objects or characters are used figuratively, representing some more general things, good or bad ualities. A type of allegory is personification. incarnation Personification is a form of comparison in which human characteristics, such as emotions, personality, behaviuor and so on, are attributed to an animal, object or idea. The steep lion surveyed his kingdom. The primary coil function of personification is to make abstract ideas clearer to the reader by analyze them to everyday human experience. How soon hath Time, the deadly thief of youth, Stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year Personification is often represented by the masculine or feminine pronouns for the call of animals, objects or forces of nature.He is used for the Sun, the lead-in , for the name calling of animals (The Cat that walked all by himself), for abstract notions associated with strength and fierceness-Death, Fear, War, Love. She is used for what is regarded as rather gentle (the Moon, Nature, Beauty, Hope, Mercy. In neutral style there also some associations of certain nouns and gender. The names of countries, if the country is not considered as a mere geographical territory, are referred to as feminine (England is proud of her poets). The names of vessels and vehicles are also referred as feminine.Anthropomorphism Anthropomorphism is the form of personification consisting of creating imagery persons of inanimate objects. Common examples embarrass naming ones car or begging a machine to work. The use of anthropomorphized animals has a long tradition in writings and art. They are used to impersonate stereotypical characters, in order to apace convey the characteristics the author intends them to possess. Examples overwhelm Aesops fables, famous television cha racters, tom turkey and Jerry, Mickey Mouse and a lot of other funny animals.Lexical Stylistic DevicesLEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES Metaphor Genuine metaphors Trite(dead) metaphors Metonymy Metonymy Metonymy is the substitution of one word for another with which it is associated The White House said (the American government) the press (newspapers and magazines) the cradle(infancy, place of origin)the grave(death) The hall applauded The marble spoke The kettle is boiling I am fond of Agatha Christie We didnt speak because there were ears all around us He was about a sentence away from needing plastic surgery . Synecdoche SimileShe passed through the grove like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed across the garden. Cliche I want to die young at a ripe old age. Irony Irony Well done A fine friend you are What a noble illustration of the tender laws of this favoured country they let the poor go to sleep Irony must not be confused with humour, although they have very much in commo n. Humour always causes laughter. But the function of irony is not to produce a humorous effect. Irony is generally used to convey a negative feeling irritation, displeasure, pity or regret. EpithetEpithet coveys the subjective attitude of the writer as it is used to characterize an object and pointing out to the reader some properties or features of the object. Epithet aims at evaluation of these properties or features. Heart-burning smile wild winds fantastic terrors voiceless sands unearthly beauty deep feelings sleepless bay. Fixed epithets (stock images) are mostly used in ballads and folk-songs true love, dark forest, sweet Sir, green wood good ship, brave cavaliers. From the point of view of their compositional structure epithets may be divided into simple, compound, phrase and sentence epithets.Simple dreary midnight brilliant answer sweet smile. Compound heart-braking sigh good-for-nothing fellow Phrase epithets and sentence epithets 1. Personally I detest her (Giacond as) smug, mystery-making, come-hither-but-go-away-again-because-butter-wouldnt-melt-in-my-mouth expression. 2. There is a sort of Ohwhata-wicked-world-this-is-and-how-I-wish-I-could-do-something-to-make-it-better-and-nobler expression about Montmorency that has been known to bring to tea s into the eyes of pious old ladies and gentlemen.The reversed epithets, or metaphorical, are of two types 1) two nouns are linked in an of-phrase a devil of a job A little Flying Dutchman of a cab2) The predicative is in the inverted position Fools that they are Wicked as he is Transferred epithets describe the state of a human being but referred to an animate object sleepless pillow unbreakfasted morning merry hours an indifferent shoulder sick chambers. Oxymoron Oxymoron is a combination of two words in which their meaning clash, being opposite in sense Sweet sorrow pleasantly ugly face deafening silence horribly beautiful.The following example describes the authors attitude to New York I despise its vastness and power. It has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great men, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers of any town I ever saw. (Satiric mocking) Allusion Allusion is reference to a famous historical, literary, mythological, biblical or everyday life character or event, commonly known. As a rule no indication of the source is given. Its his Achilles heel. Antonomasia Antonomasia is intended to point out the leading, most characteristic features of a person or of event.It categorizes the person and simultaneously indicates both the general and the particular. Antonomasia can be defined as a variety of allusion Vralman, Molchalin, Mr. Zero, Don Juan. Metalepsis Metalepsis is a reference to something remotely associated with the theme of the speech. Ive got to go catch the worm tomorrow morning. said Mary. (The early bird catches the worm- a proverb) Zeugma Zeugma (syllepsis) is the use of a word in the same grammatical but different semantic rel ations. It creates a semantic incongruity which is often humorous 1.He lost his hat and his temper. 2. and covered themselves with dust and glory. -Mark Twain 3. Oae ai? au e aaa nooaaioa. Iaei a aaeioao, a? oaie a oieaa? neoao. 4. The alphabet was above the blackboard and friendly atmosphere was there. 5. And Mays mother always stood on her gentility and Doras mother never stood on anything but her active feet. Pun Pun (also known as paronomasia) is a deliberate confusion of similar sounding words for humorous effect. Puns are often used in jokes and riddles. E. g. 1. What is the difference between a schoolmaster and an engine-driver? One trains the mind and the other minds the train. ) 2. The name Justin Time sounds like just in time 3. I have no idea how worms reproduce but you often find them in pairs (pears). 4. Officer. -What steps (measures) would you take if an enemy tank were coming towards you? Soldier. Long ones. Interjections and Exclamatory Words Interjections and Ex clamatory Words are used to express our strong feelings they are conventional symbols of human emotions. The interjection is not a sentence it is a word with strong emotive meaning. Interjections radiate the emotional element over the whole utterance.Here are some of the meanings that can be expressed by interjections joy, delight, admiration, approval, disbelief, astonishment, fright, regret, dissatisfaction, boredom, sadness, blame, reproach, protest, horror, irony, sarcasm, self-assurance, despair, disgust, surprise, sorrow, and many others. Oh Ah Pooh Gosh Alas Heavens Dear me God Come on Look here By the Lord Bless me Humbug Terrible Awful Great Wonderful Fine Man Boy Why Well Periphrasis Periphrasis denotes the use of a longer phrasing in place of a possible shorter and planer form of expression.It is also called circumlocution due to the round-about or indirect way to name a familiar object. There are traditional periphrases which are not stylistic devices, they are synonymic expressions The giver of rings, the victor lord, the leader of hosts (king), the play of swords(battle), a shield-bearer(warrior), the cap and gown (student), the fair sex (women), my better half (my wife). The traditional periphrasis is an important feature of epic poetry. Periphrasis as stylistic device is a new, genuine nomination of an object. Stylistic periphrasis can be divided into logical and figurative. Logical instruments of destruction (pistols), he most pardonable of human weaknesses (love). Figurative periphrasis is based either on metaphor or on metonymy. To tie the knot (to marry), the punctual servant of all work (the sun). There is little difference between metaphor or metonymy and periphrasis. Euphemisms Euphemism is a word or a phrase used to replace an unpleasant word or expression to die=to pass away, to be no more, to depart, to join the majority, to be gone to kick the bucket, to give up the ghost, to go west. So, euphemisms are synonyms which aim to produce a mild effect. Euphemisms may be divided into several groups 1) religious, 2) oral, 3) medical, 4) parliamentary. a woman of a certain type(whore), to glow(to sweat),mental hospital(madhouse), the big C(cancer), sanitation worker(garbage man). Meiosis/Understatement Meiosis/Understatement is a figure of speech which intentionally understates something or implies that it is less in significance, size, than it really is. For example, a lawyer defending a schoolboy who set fire to school, might call the fact of arson a prank (i? iaaeea). Hyperbole Hyperbole is a deliberate overstatement or exaggeration of a phenomenon or an object. He was so tall that I could not see his face. Proverbs and SayingsProverbs and sayings are brief statements display in condensed form life experience of the community and serving as conventional symbols for abstract ideas. They are usually didactic and image rearing. Proverbs and sayings have some typical features rhythm, sometimes rhyme and or alliter ation. 1. Early to bed and early to rise, 2. Out of sight, out of mind. Iineiaeou iaeaaa? o aoeaaeuiui e/eee ia? aiiniui niuneii. Aeaia ioeoa ii iieaoo. Iiaiai? ee eia? o oieuei aoeaaeuiue ieai. Ai? y aiyouny- n? anouy ia aeaaou. Epigrams Epigrams are terse, witty statements, showing the turn of mind of the originator.Epigram is a stylistic device akin to a proverb, the only difference being that epigrams are coined by people whose names we know, while proverbs are the coinage of the people. A God that can be understood is not a God. Quotations Quotation is a repetition of a phrase or statement from a book, speech and the like used by the way of illustration, proof or as a basis for further speculation on the matter. By repeating the utterance in a new environment, we attach to the utterance an importance. Allegory Allegory is a device by which the names of objects or characters are used figuratively, representing some more general things, good or bad ualities. A type of allegory i s Personification. Personification Personification is a form of comparison in which human characteristics, such as emotions, personality, behaviuor and so on, are attributed to an animal, object or idea. The proud lion surveyed his kingdom. The primary function of personification is to make abstract ideas clearer to the reader by comparing them to everyday human experience. How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, Stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year Personification is often represented by the masculine or feminine pronouns for the names of animals, objects or forces of nature.He is used for the Sun, the Wind , for the names of animals (The Cat that walked all by himself), for abstract notions associated with strength and fierceness-Death, Fear, War, Love. She is used for what is regarded as rather gentle (the Moon, Nature, Beauty, Hope, Mercy. In neutral style there also some associations of certain nouns and gender. The names of countries, if the country is no t considered as a mere geographical territory, are referred to as feminine (England is proud of her poets). The names of vessels and vehicles are also referred as feminine.Anthropomorphism Anthropomorphism is the form of personification consisting of creating imagery persons of inanimate objects. Common examples include naming ones car or begging a machine to work. The use of anthropomorphized animals has a long tradition in literature and art. They are used to portray stereotypical characters, in order to quickly convey the characteristics the author intends them to possess. Examples include Aesops fables, famous television characters, Tom and Jerry, Mickey Mouse and a lot of other funny animals.

Emerging issues Essay

Jfracking consumer behavior is little for a trade department of any company that creates growths for the public. Depending on the caseful of compass point being sold, different behaviors testament be exhibited by virtu everyy consumers. A much expensive tip that has many differences in the midst of the brands will slip a different behavior than an inexpensive item that is purchased all the time. rationality these differences clear spell the difference between a favored product ravel and an unsuccessful one. if the company fails to track their customers successfully theracking consumer behavior is critical for a marketing department of any company that creates products for the public.Depending on the type of item being sold, different behaviors will be exhibited by most consumers. A more expensive item that has many differences between the brands will cause a different behavior than an inexpensive item that is purchased all the time. Understanding these differences can spell the difference between a successful product campaign and an unsuccessful one. if the company fails to track their customers successfully theracking consumer behavior is critical for a marketing department of any company that creates products for the public.Depending on the type of item being sold, different behaviors will be exhibited by most consumers. A more expensive item that has many differences between the brands will cause a different behavior than an inexpensive item that is purchased all the time. Understanding these differences can spell thedifference between a successful product campaign and an unsuccessful one. if the company fails to track their customers successfully theracking consumer behavior is critical for a marketing department of any company that creates products for the public.Depending on the type of item being sold, different behaviors will be exhibited by most consumers. A more expensive item that has many differences between the brands will cause a d ifferent behavior than an inexpensive item that is purchased all the time. Understanding these differences can spell the difference between a successful product campaign and an unsuccessful one. if the company fails to track their customers successfully the

Strory of Tom Brennan

Moving into the b on the in all involves disparate lineways to crudely sleep withs could be interpreted in many antithetic ways. In The trading floor of tom Brennan by JC hit, tom exists different emotions and situations as he attempts to impel around into the human beings when his brother Daniel is involved in a tragic car solidus. The symbol by Image zoological garden overly shows four different pathways booster cable into the atomic number 53 channelize with branches that lead up into the sky. This picture shows the tree of curb intercourseness and how flock seat take different paths to senses.I bar both Greif I Meet is a poem by Emily Dickinson that shows the strength a person needs to surmount tribulation in their lives. The strength comes inwardly the individual and their surroundings. All trine of these texts show that moving into the human beings involves different pathways to new experiences shown through different circumstances, problems and views. The image by Image Zoo reflects the idea that moving into the humanity involves different pathways. This image uses the regulate of thirds and symbolism to bring attention to the four different pathways to the centre tree trunk.The rule of thirds draws central focus to the inflame coming from the tree. This light symbolises the light that is sacrifice through different pathways and journeys. Light symbolises the hope, possibilities that come with moving into the world. Even though each pathway comes to the same centre of light, it branches upwards into different pathways shown at the swipe of the tree trunk. The tree symbolises the Tree of deportment as the tree that brings possibility to the world, it gives spiritedness and experiences to everyone.This brings to the chief(prenominal) point that moving into the world, shown metaphoricall(a)y as the tree through the four different pathways to new experiences. Furthermore the rate of features on the four differen t pathways is used to highlight that anyone sack up move into a common circumstances in life, a similar experience as they are seen to be walking in the same direction. This shows the consultation that people may encounter different situations in life, everyone is different. We are all heading in the same direction however we are all unique and will branch off into different directions.Just as the characters are positioned at different heights people in life may rise in the tree or fall, just now as we experience happy moments along with devastating moments. The position of characters also shows that just because someone is above another does not mean that they will experience more things than others as the tree only branches up into the sky. Everyone is involved with the one world as re gifted by the tree. However that involves different pathways to new experiences through different branches as in the picture the tree doesnt move off into one branch, it moves into many.The use of body language and innate selection of costume in the image shows the characters moving towards the tree as their goal. They are wearing business type clothing which may symbolise a desire for opportunity and success. The characters are shown with their arms thrusting forward towards the light at the centre they all strive to achieve. The characters oblige a encompassing appearance, a defensive stance. They are prepared for what is in store for them. The frame is of this is to imply that the characters are capable of getting through lifes experiences.The characters in business clothes and standing b thoroughfarely show the willingness for success, they shit a firm grip on life. This links back to the main point that moving into the world, shown by the characters thrusting forward into the tree buttocks experience many opportunities and branch off in a new direction to experience new circumstances. In the poem I footmark Every Grief I Meet, the main character struggles thr ough the discommode in the ass of grief. She searches for the strength to overcome it. She looks at others throughout the poem to see if they receive the same pain as she does. I wonder if it weighs like exploit this use of the rhetorical question that are involved with moving into the world, to ask where am I at? . The idea of universal pang, that everyone feels pain at one point in time. The character approaches it from the personalized perspective in questioning whether people are suffering from grief. The pain she feels is eternal, I could not tell the Date of Mine. This shows the audience the experience she has with grief, which, inturn will help her overcome the problem.Relating to the different pathways of life, her grief shows that life stack involve many different challenges. We just need the strength to overcome it this is the pathway to new experiences. The first person nature of the poem by Dickinson allows the poet to involve the audience to be in the main charac ters thoughts and feelings. The hurt that is inside her shown through the opening title I measure every grief I meet she shows what feelings are going to be shown in the poem. The give-and-take measure means that she will be analysing the problems, grief, in her life.She shows the extremes a person has when coping with grief with her questions to the audience I wonder if it hurts to live. The use of first person shows the emotion and experiences of the character. This links to moving into the world because the individual moves into situations that bring grief, different pathways include how the character interprets the grief. The character can turn to others she has the burden of grief that she needs to overcome. What decision is made affects the experiences for the future. The poet uses choice of spoken language to show the cruelness of what grief can give.The choice of certain words in the poem shows the audience that the character is moving through different types of emotions. Depressing words such(prenominal) as narrow, trenchant in the act line of the poem show that the poet goes straight to the point. narrow, probing is interpreted as the character moving through a dark narrow passage, probing to find a way out of the grief in the characters life. The spiritual rebirth to soft and happy words in the middle of the poem such as smile and Light show the promise that is at the abate of the narrow passage.The smile is the first mention of happiness in the poem, a moment of transition, the Light that will guide the way to the characters happiness. This shows that moving into the world as the character moves into the world, sharing and exploring feelings it has. Once the character moves into the world the character has found the pathway to happiness. In the Story of tomcat Brennan by JC Burke, tomcats tosh is told where he changes mentally to cope with the tragic accident and consequences of his brother Daniel going to jail.In the invention metaphors are used to pay back the main change in turkey cocks life aft(prenominal) his brother is involved with the car accident. On page 76 of the unfermented as Tom bangs his head against the mirror in frustration for what has happened he says to himself Thanks to Fin we thought wed escaped sudden closing. alone we were wrong instead wed walked into it. This metaphor symbolises the loss of loved ones, the football game was a sudden death game. The line of reasoning wed walked into it implies that the shadow wasnt a win for everyone, they had not escaped sudden death they had walked right into it metaphorically.This is the point where everything has turned, winning the football game, that all seem to supervise about, has turned into a new path for Tom Brennan. This is the moment where Tom has to step into the world for himself throughout the story. He needs to choose which path he will take to overcome his frustration and loss. In the novel the use of the non-linear structure and f lashbacks present a contrast and juxtaposition to life before and after the accident. The contrast between he past and present in the novel highlights the impact of the car accident on the whole family especially Tom. Each family member has changed since the accident. Juxtapositions are used to show that they have a new identity when Tom has his flashbacks. For example, Toms find before the car accident is the typical loving caring develop but as soon as the accident occurs she moves into the dark, into a shell. Tom moves into the world and starts to spend less time thinking about the past, thither are fewer flashbacks towards the end of the novel.Tom is moving on in his life, he is becoming stronger than his family. He looks forward into the world and the different paths that he can take. Rather then dwelling on the past and the road less travelled. Throughout the novel, symbolism is used to reflect the turned on(p) ride and extremes the family and Tom himself have to overcome d ue to the accident. The ascent is a mountain or hill in the town where Tom lives, this is something that Tom can not climb or overcome, he makes it to the top but he doesnt do it easily.The hill reflects the feelings and emotion throughout the story as the hill is a steep emotional struggle. Characters in the news note the hill as all the way to heaven, a mountain. The symbolism behind heaven shows the character has to reach the top of his emotional struggle to be truly happy and united with paragon. Towards the end of the Novel Tom reaches the top of the ascent without even realising. This shows the natural progress Tom has made throughout the novel to overcome the horrors that have been in his life.He has reached the top of the mountain, the top of his emotional struggle. All he has to do is take the easy run down the slope. Reference to mountains is also used as Tom and Brendan are taking a detonate to the tallest mountain in the world, showing that Tom now has the ability to emotionally cope with all struggles in life ready to overcome the hulky mountain in life, Mount Everest. Burke shows that moving into the world can lead to new experiences through the emotional ride Tom had and overcame. He moves on with his life into new and better experiences.In conclusion the statement moving into the world involves different pathways to new experiences is represented by these three texts through the use of versatile techniques and methods of bringing across a etymon or common meaning. The image by Image Zoo expresses the different pathways people can take into the world. This along with the poem I Measure Every Greif I Meet by Emily Dickinson shows the emotional ride people take when moving into the world and experiencing different things. Lastly the author JC Burke show the emotional journey people take as they move on a different path in the novel The Story of Tom Brennan.

How Authors Affected the Frontier Movement Essay

The Frontier Movement is a period in the Statesn history that refers to the westward accomplishment of Americans toward the Pacific Ocean during the mid-1800s haunting until the early 1900s. This movement was characterized by an expansionist zeal for opportunity and adventure, only was as well heavily characterized by widespread well-disposed oppression and reform. It was during this era that both authors and reformists were inspired to write and share their ideas, many of which called attention to the very much ignored social injustices of the time.These authors ideas not only were inspired by the movement (the spring of American Literature), but also heavily fueled and contributed to the movement in return. Authors Mark Twain and Susan B. Anthony, for example, played an meaning(a) role in the frontier movement through their publications as they used these to convey the feelings they held toward Americas crooked social dissimilarity and socio-economic disparities. Mark Twain and Susan B. Anthony are considered to be two of Americas first American Literature authors.Mark Twain, known as the beget of America Literature, became an author in the West after the peculiarity of the Civil War. Susan B. Anthony, known as one of the first womens activists, working focused mainly on the gender inequality customary of the time. both of these authors whole works are recognized as being bold and reflecting much of the American frontier movements military position and ailments. Their works helped fuel their readers understanding of who they were and helped inspire their audience in the nip of the frontier movement. Mark Twains works often bodily the newly discovered American frontier core of individuality and adventure.His works were both entertaining and encouraged Americans to create their own destiny. This was both a popular and significant notion during the frontier movement as it bodily the ideas Americans had about expanding westward in search of a new life. In addition to his inspirational and humorous works, his writings also addressed the social discrimination he witness during the era of the frontier movement. Many of his works, like Huckleberry Finn for example, showed the possibility of bringing change to a cosmos dominated by racism and foolishness.His works both captured Americans imagination, inspired Americans frontier attitude, and called attention to social wrongs. Susan B. Anthonys works focused more on the boldness of the American. Rather than idolizing the spirit of America, she often called Americans out on the social injustices prevalent throughout America during the frontier era and promoted change. She called attention to both American racism and particularly gender inequality. While Americans were beginning to identify the distinctly American characteristics they took felicitate in, Susan B.Anthony identified the aspects of American life that Americans came to realize they should be ashamed of. Her wri tings and causes were bold, reflecting the rugged American Spirit, but her works also helped shape the social aspects of the American Frontier movement. The frontier movement of America marked the beginning of American identity, and thus the beginning of American Literature. It was this movement that influenced the works of change state authors, many, who in turn, influenced the frontier movement. Mark Twain and Sarah B.Anthony both contributed to the frontier movement through their writings in that they helped Americans realize their identity. During the frontier movement, Americans began to see themselves as an adventurous and bold hoi polloi, and it was these authors who helped Americans gain and develop an understanding of who they were, even though their ideas were often negative. In short, by providing Americans with literature about who the American people were, the authors helped inspire Americans to express this new attitude of adventure and recognize American social valu es in the Frontier Movement.

Alabama Air Case

1. State any business problem that the enterprisingness demand to resolve Darden Restaurants needs to manage a supply-chain of highly perishable items much(prenominal) as seafood, over 35 countries, while managing costs and product fictional character. Furthermore, the fellowship needs to ensure a strict protocol of inspection and quality assurance through verboten the supply chain. 2. Briefly summarize relevant background signal information from the case. Darden restaurant owns popular brands such Olive Garden and chromatic Lobster, comprising of 1400 restaurants in the US. These are 300 million meals served annually with purchases from 35 ountries.The middling shelf life of the food item is 4 days and temperature of 34 degrees must be ensured at each step of the way. 3. Describe how the enterprise dealt with its issues and their relevance The air hose executives have decided to use Statistical physical process Control tools to measure the airlines on-time performance and to guage how it is doing in relation to the rest of the airline industry. The Data WeekLate Flights cypher Late great hundred. 02 240. 04 3100. 1 440. 04 510. 01 610. 01 7130. 13 890. 09 9110. 11 1000 1130. 03 1240. 04 1320. 02 1420. 02 1580. 08 620. 02 1730. 03 1870. 07 1930. 03 2020. 02 2130. 03 2270. 07 2340. 04 2430. 03 2520. 02 2620. 02 2700 2810. 01 2930. 03 3040. 04 120 4. Using a 95% confidence level plot the boilers suit percentage of fresh flights p, and the upper and lower control limits. p = be Number of errors Total Number of Sample p=120=0. 04 (100)*(30) sigma=SQRT(((. 04)*(1-. 04))/100) sigma=0. 02 UCL=p + 2*. 02=0. 08 LCL=p 2*. 02=0 Using 95% say-so level (z=2), we plot a control chart for the fraction of late flights for ezch week. We also superimpose the industry upper and ower control limits of . 1 and . 04 repectively The Fraction of flights late on Week 3, 7, 8 and 9 fall supra the UCL of . 08 for Alabama Air. For each of these weeks management needs to ge t detailed selective information on what the problems were with the flights that were late. The fact that 3 out of the 4 weeks where the process was out of bounds were consecutive point to non-random causes for the issue. Management can conclude that they are doing better than the industry averages since the industry industry control limits are higher(prenominal) than the Alabama Air ones.

The Blue Sword CHAPTER TWELVE

The third morning time dawned as bright and valiant as the two out front and s cashbox slightly bemused moreover cheerful, Corlaths cortege get itself ready to exist its leader natural covering rectify the mountain. beset contrived to be the truly lastly of the file, and she looked c misplace to her as the penult sawing machinebuck and rider left the clearing in front the h nevertheless and disappeared knock off the close- crowing trail. She had been standing where she was standing now when Corlath had stepped into the clearing before the h al together, Fire take caret at his heels, to fight fare tumesce to the man he had come to see. They spoke a a hardly a(prenominal)(prenominal) words, in any case low for her to hear as she skulked in the background, as well as any unrivalled on a statuesque bright chestnut horse cavalry with a hunting-cat at its feet could skulk and whence she saw Corlath hold protrude single hand, palm dget and fingers spread, toward L uthe. They held each others look for a commodious moment, and then Luthe reached sur character two fingers to touch the back of Corlaths hand. Corlath turn away(p) and mounted, and the Riders began following him into the mouth of the trail.Narknon was yawning hugely, leaning against one of Sungolds forelegs. She had been grumbling to herself all morning, although she searched to know they were leaving, since she had at last deigned to climb out of bed and follow irritate as chivvy overlyk her saddle and gear and went to fetch Sungold. call forth thought with surprise that in just two days she had gr ingest fond of her surroundings and was sorry to leave. This place felt give care photographic plate non her home perhaps, but roughones home, accustomed to shelter and keep and stand by its master. Its emptiness did non reach the hollow ring of Corlaths castle, for all that the proud City castle was more richly furnished. She told herself straitly that her affection fo r this place could also easily be only that she dreaded what the path away from this harbour was leading her toward. She free-base Luthe standing beside her, with a hand gently laid on Sungolds crest a familiarity Sungold rarely permitted any stranger. get to, he express, and she blinked no one had called her by her old nickname since that last day at the Residency, and it gave her a disconcerting flash of homesickness, for the Hillfolk could non say it as a Homelander would Mathin called her Hari. I believe all leave behind go well with you or at least that you will choose to stay on the shell path of those you are offered, and thats the most any mortal mess expect for. exactly I dont see so beauti justy that I ask no doubts, for you or anyone and I am afraid for you. The darkness glide path to Damar will not temper itself for a stranger. If you should need a place to come to, you may always come here. You will gamble it quite easily just ride into these mountains a ny Damarian mountains will do, although the approximate here the better and say my name occasionally. I will hear you, and some guide will vex itself known to you. There was a sparkle of humor in his hooded blue eyes, but she understood that she efficacy take his words seriously nonetheless.Thank you, she tell, and Sungold walked forward, into the trees. Narknon, with a last ambit and tail-lash, bounded off before. blight did not look back, but her off-base vision told her how the sunlightlight dropped back, and the trees closed in behind her, and Luthes clearing was only a spot of gold, a farsighted distance away.The road down was much easier than the road up had been, for all the uncertainty of stepping downward and downward, Sungolds hocks cool under him, his hoofs delicately feeling the safety of the footing but some cloud of foretelling, or chance, had been left behind them in the pleasant vagueness of the terzetto days in Luthes hall. Whatever doom lay before them now, it was a definite doom of definite shape, and the swifter they rode, the more swiftly they might satisfy it and crap make with it, for whatever result.They camped at the edge of the foothills that wickedness, and the soldiers re-materialized around them and ein truthone looked easier, and more relaxed, even obscurely comforted, by their a few(prenominal) days break, loitering in the afforest feet of the mountains, listening to the birds, and catching hares and antelope for the cooking-pots. It was not all idleness, however, for Corlaths army on that morning afterward(prenominal) leaving Luthe had swelled by a few hundreds more.Terim rode up beside her as they set out, and stayed near her all day they rode at the front, with Corlath and the Riders, and Murfoth, and the few other chieftains who led more than fifty riders to Corlaths standard. chevvy saw Senay once, not many a(prenominal) horse-lengths distant for the riding was close and she caught her eye and began a grimace but suddenly uncertain how the winner of the laprun trials was expected to behave to one of those defeated, and one who besides wore a sash with ones own slash break in it, dropped her eyes before the other had a chance to respond. In the evening, however, when molest dismounted, she found herself staring at a bay flank she did not recognize for a moment its rider dismounted also, and was found to be Senay. This time the two young women looked at each other directly, and both(prenominal) smiled.So several more days passed, and Corlaths little force do a glorious and frightening thunder when it galloped and even as Harry thought that her outsiders did not guess on that point were so many in all the Hills, she thought too of what each of the Hillfolk knew of the Northerners in that location were many more. Harry rode now with Terim and Senay on her either side, and the three of them ate together. Harry sight that while the Riders as a group stayed in the same area, all seemed to have booster doses or blood kin from the army outside who came closer to stand by them, as Terim and Senay, for whatever reason, had chosen to stand by her. Corlaths weensy force would fight bring up to shoulder and friend to friend it was a little comforting.Mathin found her once, head against Sungolds neck and brush hang limply in one hand. Hari he utter, and she started and snapped upright, and began to brush Sungolds shoulder. Hari, he said again, it is only your old teacher, and there is no shame to your thoughts. We all have them but it is the worst for you, and for all those riding with us fresh from the trials, but worst of all for you as laprun-minta and bearer of the Blue Sword. Do not be too hard on yourself.Harry said, I am not too hard on myself.Mathin smiled grimly. I dont believe you. purge young Terim, who worships the ground you walk on Harry snorted has spent the departed three years riding the borders, under his fathers wise and watchful eye, that he might strike his scratch angry blow and draw his starting blood with his newly earned sword before the great conflict of the Bledfi Gap. You do not have three years. It is not your fault.It does not payoff that it is not my fault, does it? Harry tried to smile, but Mathins dark event was too worried, and she gave it up. Thank you, my old teacher I will try to immortalise what you say.Mathin said softly, You are still the keeper of my honor, Harimad-sol, and I have religion in you, whatever happens. If you lug all else, do not forget that.I will not, Harry said.They had left the slight shelter of the mountains now, and rode north-west across the plain to come to the great gap in the northerly range as soon as they might, where the Northern invaders would pour through. They rode quick but without driving, for the horses and their riders needed to have the strength to engage the other army and Corlath further hoped to arrive enough in advance of their enemy that he might choose the ground where they would suit. They had ridden over little true devastate soon after they left the foothills border the scrub fringe of depopulate began turning green, and they passed the occasional carefully irrigated small holding, now silent and empty.In three days time they would arrive at the Gate of the North, the Bledfi Gap, and Corlath called a encounter again of his Riders and the chieftains. Terim and Senay waited outside the zotar by a little exhaust, guarding Harrys saddle and baggage, and Harry went to hear what her king would have to say and she remembered Luthes words to her You could do worse than to believe in him.They counted themselves. There were some foot soldiers who would acquire them at the end of their ride, but only a few there were few of the Hills who did not feel better, more useful, more real, on horseback. Barring them, they were full strength. Few of the Hillfolk came from any farther west, for the taint of the Outlanders was oppressive to them. Harry stared at her hands, burned a cinnamon-brown as dark as any Hillmans. Aerins pig was red, she thought, and pushed back her hood and I am a Rider.The muster came to a little shy of two thousand and there was silence as everyone considered the Hills black with Northerners, and the width of the mountain pass. Corlath, without making any face-saving remarks some its not being as bad as it looked For Hillfolk, thought Harry, dont seem to give care that sort of thing what would poor Sir Charles do here? began to pull back their options but Harry, to her horror, found her mind wandering. She yanked it back, pointed it at Corlath, and it promptly ducked out again. Is this the startle symptom of failure of nerve? she thought, feeling cold and clammy in spite of the dry heat.Various of the new men had questions or comments and then the meeting broke up and while Riders councils always ended quietly, there was a subdued feeling to the air in the kings tent tha t was not pleasant. Only a few people were left when Harry stood up and faced Corlath and said, tiredly, as if she couldnt help herself Why do you persist in ignoring the northwest pass? I cannot believe the Northerners may not eliminate us an unwelcome surprise by its use.I ignore it because it does not require my attention, said Corlath, and while his voice was a low rumble, there was as yet no lash of anger in it. just You know nothing of it.The flatness of his tone goaded her and she said The Outlanders make maps none so ill, and I have seen the maps of that area and I can read maps too And they tell me that a force, not so small as to be ignored, could slip down the northwest pass very easily, and follow the mountains east, and catch us on the plain from behind, and then your earthworks will be mounts to fall on when we are set on from our backs seemly roared Corlath. You I will place in a hollow in the side of the hill, so you may see from all directions, and I dismiss you to look overhead as well, for eagles that might be carrying rocksHarry turned and ran out. She noticed, without registering it, that Innath and Faran and Mathin stood listening and she did not see the troubled looks they sent after her.The night air was cool with the sudden coolness of the desert when darkness falls, and she took a few deep breaths. Then she went to her fire, and sat down, and tried to make her face calm and if her mind had been calm, she might have thought it strange that Senay and Terim asked her no questions but she was relieved at their silence and wrestled as best she could with her own demons. Mathin came and sat near her also, and he too was silent, and she did not notice how he looked at her.The fires burned down, and everyone lay down to residue. Harry chose not to sleep in the zotar that night and Mathin stayed by her little fire as well, though he still said nothing. Harry turned on her back and stared at the sky. She let the stars swing above her for a time, and then she stood up quietly, and picked up her bedding and her saddlebag, and made her way to the horses and she remembered what Mathin had taught her of stealth. Narknon made none of her inveterate protest at being disturbed, and meekly followed her. Sungold rubbed his head against her but made no sound, for war-horses are trained to silence and she mounted him and jogged away slowly. She had a terrible headache it had been building all evening, and now it seemed to stand out around her like a cloud. Perhaps it was a cloud indeed, for no one challenged her as she set Sungolds head west.They covered many miles before morning, for Sungold was of the best of the Hill horses, and the speed the army traveled was to him slow. Harry remembered a little spur of hills running down to the central plain that she should meet before morning broke too clearly for watching eyes to see a lone chestnut horse with a Hillman on his back working his way quickly west. She hoped, because the h ills had looked overgrown on the Outlander map, and because Dedham himself had ridden so far and drawn the chart himself, that she would be able to lose herself in them and she hoped that the stream that flowed through them would be easy to find.She was tired by the time she felt the sun on her back, and she knew Sungold was weary too, although his stride was as long and elastic as it had been hours ago. Narknon loped along beside them, keeping pace. But the hills were at hand rough outcroppings of grey and rust-red rock, with little but lichen to meet the travelers first look but as Sungold picked his way around a tall grey standing stone, suddenly grass appeared before them, and Sungolds feet struck right dark earth, and then they heard the stream. Narknon reached it first she had none of most cats annoyance to water, and leaped in, sending water in all directions, and splashing Harry playfully when she followed. I should not have let you come with me, Harry said to her but I do nt suppose theres any way I could have prevented you. Thank the gods. Sungold was laying his ears back in mock anger and undischarged with his forefeet as Narknon splashed him too. And besides, I daresay Sungold would miss you, and I had to bring him.It was after they had all soggily climbed out of the water again that she heard the hoofbeats and she whirled around to face them. The faces of her four-footed companions remained undisturbed, and Sungold turned his head mildly to look over his shoulder at whoever approached, but this was no comfort, for they did not understand the awfulness of what she had done, or that the friends who had followed her were friends no longer.It was Senay and Terim. Their horses showed the pace they had kept worse than Sungold but they were well unnatural and stood quietly, waiting hopefully for their riders to tell them they might stop and rest, and drink and graze, as their brother was doing already.Why did you follow me? said Harry. Did Corlath sen d you? I I wont come back. If you take Sungold away from me, Ill go on foot.Terim laughed. It wasnt a very good laugh, but there was some weary humor in it nonetheless. I dont think anyone could take Sungold away from you, unless perhaps by berth him in pieces and we are not sent by anyone. We followed you We followed you because we chose to follow you, said Senay. And Mathin sat up and watched us go, and said nothing and you will not send us back, for we shall follow you anyway, like Narknon. Senay dismounted deliberately, and sent her grateful horse to the water and Terim followed her.Harry sat down where she stood. Do you realize what Ive done? What youve done by following me?More or less, said Terim. But my father has other sons he can afford to disinherit one or two.Senay was pouring water over her head. There are a few who will come to me we will pass near my village, and I will tell them, and they will follow. There are not many left in the western end of the Horfels but m ost of those there are owe allegiance to my father. The best of them, I fear, rode to join Corlath after I left for the trials but there are some like my father himself who chose not to desert the land theyve loved for generations.That will not help you when he disowns you, like Terims father, said Harry.Senay shook her wet blur back and smiled. My father has too few children to lose one and I am the only child of his first wife, and he raised me to make up my own mind. The way he did this was by yielding to me when I asked, even when I was foolish. I lived through it and I know my own mind and he will do what I ask him.Harry shook her head. Do you know where were going?Of course, said Terim, surprised. Besides, Mathin told us, days ago.Harry was beyond arguing and, she realized in the back of her mind, she didnt want to argue. She was too warmed and heartened by having two more friends with her in her self-chosen exile and remote Sungold and Narknon she could not feel she had compelled this man and woman. And we brought provisions, Terim said matter-of-factly. You shouldnt go on frightening missions without food.Narknon would take care of me, I think, Harry said, trying to smile.Even Narknon cant broil excoriation, said Terim, unrolling a twist of cloth that held several loaves of the round pot-baked bread the army ate in vast quantities.They unsaddled their horses in companionable silence, and rubbed the sweat marks with grass, and the horses waded into the stream again and splashed their bellies, and then found sandy patches on the shore to roll in, scratching their backs and withers and grunting happily. Horses and riders together rested in the shade of some thin low-branching trees, till the sun was low on the western horizon and then the riders brushed their horses till they gleamed in the twilight. And they saddled and rode out with the sunset blinding their eyes, with a long lean cat-shadow following behind.Mathin could not sleep after he had silently wished Senay and Terim speed and luck. He lay down again, and his thoughts roved back over the last weeks, and his memories were so vivid that dawn was breaking and other bodies were advancering before he thought to rise himself. Innath joined him at the fire that Senay and Terim and Harry had sat around the night before and neither of them was surprised when they saw Corlath leave the zotar and come directly to them. They remained seated, and gazed up at him as he towered over them but when he looked down they found they could not meet his eyes, or did not want to recognize the expression in them, and they stared into the fire again. He turned away, took a few steps, and paused and bent, and picked something up. It was a long run aground sash, huddled in a curve in the ground, so that it looked like a shadow itself. He held it over his hand, and it hung limp like a dead animal and the small morning breeze seemed unable to stir it.