Critical Thinking Test Week 4 Essay

1. skepticism Reporter A new run a itinerary finance reform putz being con rampred by Congress would limit the occur of campaign contributions that political basedidates can receive. How eer, a survey of candidates running for whitethornor, governor, and senate set poses that non cardinal of them favors the observation. Clearly, on that point is no desire among politicians to limit campaign contributions. Which unmatched of the following points out(a) the flaw in the reporters object supra? savant rejoinder The reporter doesnt grapple the amount that the new bill would limit campaign contributions. The certify provided by the reporter suggests that most politicians ar in favor of the new bill. The reporter wrongly assumes that no politician has ever trueiseed a bill intended to limit campaign contributions rig The views of candidates currently running for status do not necessarily represent the views of completely politicians. 2. enquire Mrs. Orlof teaches cardinal history classes, one in the break of the day and one in the afternoon. yesterday she gave the same test to both(prenominal) classes. Anyone who failed the test mustiness take a retest. Since a great percentage of students who took the morning test failed the test than students who took the afternoon test, to a greater extent than than of Orlofs morning history students than afternoon history students bequeath earn to take the retest. The conclusion above is not necessarily legitimate becauseStudent manage more students in the morning class whitethorn brook passed the test than failed the test some students whitethorn have been vanish from both classes some of the students who passed the afternoon test may have legitimate info more or less the test from morning students coif more students may have interpreted the test in the afternoon than in the morning3. hesitation All sages provide both wisdom and inspiration. Since Dashas row contained wisdom and grea tly inspired her audience, Dasha is a sage. Which one of the following points out the flaw in the argument above?Student Answer in effect(p) because Dasha is a sage doesnt mean that she isalways wise and inspirational. merely because Dashas vocabulary provided wisdom and inspiration doesnt mean that it provided more wisdom than inspiration. comprise Just because Dasha satisfied two requirements of being a sage doesnt necessarily mean that she satisfies all the requirements of being a sage. ridiculous Just because Dasha provided wisdom and inspiration in a speech doesnt mean that all sages use speeches to provide wisdom and inspiration.4. Question The average height of members of the high school basketball team is hexad feet, three inches. Jerry is on the high school basketball team, so Jerry must be taller than sise feet. The argument above is flawed because it confusesStudent Answer Jerry with other members of the teamthe members of one team with the members of another team IN subdue quite a little who ar six feet three inches tall for passel who atomic number 18 exactly six feet tall overcompensate an average for the individuals that make up that average.5. Question Catherine goes to her local movie theater precisely to see quixotic comedies. Since Catherine did not go to the movies yesterday, there is not a romantic drollery playing at her local theater. The reasoning above is flawed because the indicateStudent Answer flush does not suggest that Catherine goes to see all romantic comedy that plays at her local movie theater implies that Catherine is dulled in most types of movies does not indicate whether Catherine watches only romantic comedies at home suggests that Catherines local movie theater hardly ever shows romantic comedies6. Question A recent study of 100 employees from six dep artistryments of a major corporation found 65% to be snooze deprived. The re searchers concluded that the majorityof corporate employees are sleep depri ved. The researchers conclusion is suspect because itStudent Answer assumes that corporate employees are more sleep deprived than other plurality is based on evidence that is statistically impossible fails to describe the effects the sleep deprivation has CORRECT relies on a sample that is too s center field to represent the consummate corporate workforce7. Question whatsoever politicians claim to support the purlieu in speeches they make around the country. However, to get to those speeches they ride in triggerman guzzling, pollution creating private planes. They thusly clearly dont see a word of what they say and are actually making the environmental problem worse. Which one of the following, if real, would better weaken the argument above? Student Answer roughly of the politicians try to hide the fact that they travel by private plane to their speeches around the country. Most great deal who hear the politicians speeches on the environment are unconvinced by their argum ents. A majority of takers surveyed jibe that politicians somemagazines make societys problems worse. CORRECT Improvements to the environment brought about through the politicians public support of environmental regulations more than offset the molest done to the environment by the politicians private planes.8. Question Career guidance It is outgo for artists to build a serviceable and safe career that lead guarantee them a secure income, and then pursue their art in their spare clipping. That way, they forget be motivated to work hard at their day jobs to support their art making, and both their career and their art go awaying thrive. Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument? Student Answer Some forms of art making are expensive and require a unafraid deal of money to pursue. INCORRECT Many sight who arent artists prefer to pursue practical and safe careers. Having the time and money to make art doesnt guarantee an artist commercial success. CORRECT Splitting time between two pursuits in life practicallycauses both to suffer. 9. Question The untimely death of professor Hathaway halted his groundbreaking research into the uses of solar power. It therefore appears that Hathaways research volition not get out in practical applications. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument? Student Answer CORRECT Professor Hathaways research can be used by other scientists to create useful applications. Not all professors at Professor Hathaways university knew that he was conducting research into the uses of solar power. Officials at Professor Hathaways university have refused requests to make Professor Hathaways research public. INCORRECT Researchers at other universities are conducting research into the potential applications of solar power. 10. Question Surveys show that people who use small nutritionists calorie development to decide which foods to eat absorb on average 100 calories less than they would if they didnt check calorie information earlier eating. Strangely though, people who use calorie information in this way weigh more on average than people who dont check calorie information ahead eating. Which one of the following, if true, best explains the surprising statistic stated above? Student Answer at that place are fewer people who check calorie information before eating than people who dont check calorie information before eating. People who usually check calorie information before eating consume more calories if they stop checking. INCORRECT Some people who check calorie information before eating dont consume any fewer calories than they would if they didnt check. CORRECT People with a weight problem are most likely to check calorie information before eating. 11. Question As part of its reorganization, keep beau monde X created five new positions within the company. However, after the reorganization was complete, company X had fewer employees than befor e the reorganization. Which one of the following, if true, would best explain the result draw above? Student Answer Some employees of the company were switched into new departments to concern the new positions. Some employees who quit over dissatisfaction with the reorganization were immediately replaced by new hires. The new positions were created to respond to a greater demand for company Xsproducts. CORRECT Some employees were laid off as a number of old positions were eliminated in the reorganization. 12. Question guide the mates of language/phrases among the choices that exhibits the same logical affinity as the words/phrases in the following pair. building blueprintStudent Answer ship seaCORRECT cake recipebridge islandguitar song13. Question Choose the pair of words/phrases among the choices that exhibits the same logical relationship as the words/phrases in the following pair. gavel judgeStudent Answer CORRECT he-goat conductorsymphony composerstop sign drive rruler math14. Question Choose the pair of words/phrases among the choices that exhibits the same logical relationship as the words/phrases in the following pair. conductor orchestrStudent Answer skater rinkteacher principal conveyr movieCORRECT handler cast15. Question Arthur The solutions to most mystery novels I read are not believable. However, my exercise of a mystery novel depends only on its suspenseful mood and fluorescent characters. Norton Roughly 80% of the mystery novels I read have believable solutions, which is good since I do not enjoy mystery novels that dont have believable solutions. The speakers aboveStudent Answer agree that most mystery novels do not have believable solutions agree that a suspenseful mood and colorful characters add to the enjoyment of a mystery novel CORRECT take issue on whether a believable solution is required for the enjoyment of a mystery novel disagree on whether an authors enjoyment in creating a mystery novel influences w hether that novel will have a believable solution 16. Question Memmie The greater the population scraggy a restaurant, the more potential customers it has and the greater take on its popularity will circulate through word-of-mouth. OSullivans Restaurant just opened in the in truth densely populated town of Redville, so its chances for success are great. surface-to-air missile But the more people living in an area, the more restaurants there are in that area, so the more competition each one faces. There are twelve other restaurants serving the people of Redville. Memmie and surface-to-air missile seem to disagree about whetherStudent Answer OSullivans will fail in its first few months OSullivans will work on a different kind of food than the other restaurants in Redville CORRECT the high population of Redville ensures OSullivans a great chance for success word-of-mouth about a restaurant can parcel out in a densely populated town like Redville 17. Question Only genus Circus an imals with a clean bill of health will perform in todays exhibition. A monkey, a poodle, and a dollar will perform in todays exhibition. No circus animals with a clean bill of health were official medications this week. If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them?Student Answer The monkey, poodle, and horse are the only animals performing in todays circus exhibition. No circus animals were prescribe medications this week. INCORRECT No more than two circus animals have a clean bill of health. CORRECT Neither the monkey nor the horse performing in todays circus exhibition were prescribed medications this week. 18. Question The higher the price of an antique, the greater peoples scene that the object is rare. That, in turn, makes the antique appear more valuable. If the statements above are correct, then offering an antique for sale at a deal price Student Answer will likely increase peoples expectations that the antique is valu able will guarantee that the antique will not sell at a profit should be advance because it increases the likelihood that antique will be sold CORRECT should be discouraged because it lessens a quality that makes that antique desirable 19. Question Some drugs combat obesity or alcohol addiction by spell off pleasure centers in the brain. However, if the dosage is too high, theres a risk that people taking them will be plunged into depression. The statements above, if true, support which one of the following assertions? Student Answer It is useless to try to embrace obesity or alcohol addiction through drugs. All drugs, if taken at too high a dosage, pose the risk that the people taking them will be plunged into depression. CORRECT The benefits of a medication may be at least somewhat offset by its side effects. INCORRECT Drugs that affect pleasure centers in the brain are frequently taken at dosages considered to be too high. 20. Question Detective The robbery at the mall was c arried out by a mall employee playacting alone roughly one hour after the mall unkindly last Saturday night. The only employees present at the mall at the time of the robbery were security guards Evans and Clark. Since the malls surveillance re importants was alter by the thief just before the robbery, the thief must be Evans. The argument above would be valid ifStudent Answer CORRECT Clark is incapable of disabling the malls surveillance system both Evans and Clark are capable of disabling the malls surveillance system INCORRECT Evans and Clark are the malls only security guards the malls surveillance system is usually used 24 hours a day, seven days a we 21. Question A company can either invest in employee cooking seminars or update its computing machine network. Since updating the computer network would result in more  measurable benefits, the company would be best off updating its computer network. The argument above assumes thatStudent Answer INCORRECT investing in em ployee training seminars would yield negative results for the company CORRECT the more measurable a benefit, the greater value that benefit has to a company the employee training seminars would revolve about on teaching employees to use the updated computer network the benefit of the company investing in employee training seminars cannot be measured at all 22. Question The president spoke to 19 congressmen from Texas to encourage them to vote for a bill. Since quaternity of the 19 congressmen went on to vote for the bill, it is clear that the president persuaded those four to vote the way they did. The argument above assumes thatStudent Answer the bill will not pass because a majority of Texas congressmen did not vote for it the Texas congressmen who voted against the bill were persuaded by someone other than the president to vote the way they did the president did not try to influence the votes of any congressmen outside of Texas CORRECT the four Texas congressmen who voted for t he bill were against it before they spoke to the president 23. Question The really large increase in allergies over the last thirty old age is due to the great success of immunizations administered over this time period. Since immunizations have close to eliminated life-threatening diseases such as polio, the human immune system progressively targets other environmental substances in order to keep working properly. allergy symptoms such as runny nose and itchy eyes result when the immune system attacks pollen that is breathed in from the air. Which one of the following best expresses the main point of the passage above? Student Answer Immunizations often have surprising side effects. Immunizations have been very successful in eliminating life-threatening diseases. INCORRECT Viruses that once caused polio now cause allergies. CORRECT The use of immunizations has led to an increase in allergies. 24. Question Political accomplishment professor Many people insist that the mesh is revolutionizing the political process. They argue that Internet debates and online political polls and chat rooms give people greater access to political information. And theyre right that online political yakety-yak increases daily. But offering or reading anonymous online opinions does not by itself make for active political participation. In the past one would refer a rally, protest, or town meeting to engage in real politics. Today, people sit passively in front of computer screens down the stairs the illusion that they are connecting with their fellow citizens. Which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the professors argument?Student Answer Internet debates and online political polls and chat rooms give people greater access to political information. INCORRECT Political organizations of the past bear no resemblance to the political organizations of today. CORRECT While the Internet has made more political content available, meaningful political involvement has decreased. The Internet has revolutionized the political process because it has allowed many more political viewpoints to be expressed.Points Received 0 of 1Comments25. Question Whereas many industries suffer during economic recessions, the art sedulousness does wellspring. Some think the reason is that artists feed off the anxiety and scruple during recessions to produce inspired works. Others think that recessions, while harmful to most people, produce a handful of very rich people willing to pay up very high prices for artworks, driving up the value of the art grocery store as a whole. The author of the passage above is primarily interested inStudent Answer providing evidence that the art industry does well during recessions CORRECT presenting reasons for why the art industry does well during recessions discussing the types of artworks that sell best during recessions describing the effect that art has on the economy