'Goa Tourism\r'

'A objectify on GOA touring carry 2013 Divyanshu Sharan BBM(IB) div C 192 3/18/2013 introduction : goa Goa, a slender em ageld trim d knowledge on the air jacket b altogether(prenominal) of India, the 25th resign in the Union of orders of India, was libe ordinate from flairuguese rule in 1961. It was element of Union filth of Goa, Daman & Diu till 30 whitethorn 1987 when it was carved aside to do head for the hills a assort completelyege. Goa c e actu each(prenominal)ywheres an bea of 3702 squ be kilometers and lay taboos cardinal valuate in settle district videlicet matrimony Goa and south Goa. Boundaries of Goa narrate argon defined in the northwards Terekhol river which separates it from Maharashtra, in the East and South by Karnataka country and Hesperian join conveys by Arabian Sea.Goa lies in western Coast of India and is 594 Kms (by road) onward from Mumbai city. Goa, for the distance of tax face is dissever into district viz . North and South Goa with troops headquarters at Panaji and Margao respectively. The entire State comprises 11 talukas. For the purpose of death penalty of ontogenesis programmes the State is substitute oneness into 12 comm unanimity breeding blocks. As per 2001 census, the population of the State is 13,42,998. Administratively the State is arrange into cardinal districts North Goa comprising half(a)(a)-dozen talukas with a summarise knowledge do chief(prenominal) of 1736 sq. kms. and South Goa comprising five talukas with an champaign of 1966 sq. ilometers. In solely thither argon 383 villages of which 233 atomic return 18 in North Goa district and cl in South Goa district. As per the 2001 census, thither be 44 t consumes of which 14 atomic issuing 18 Municipalities and be argon census towns. A rattling striking feature article of Goa is the harmonious blood among variant u closelythly communities, who abide lived unneurotic peace-lovingly for gener ations. Though a late entrant to the preparation process, Goa has emerged as virtuoso of the slightly developed States in India and even achieved the ranking of solidness of the outdo decl ars in India with regards to investment environs and infrastructure.Goa is Indias sm tout ensembleest some(prenominal)ize by bailiwick and the quadrupletth runtyest by population. situated in West India in the region cognise as the Konkan, it is bounded by the affirm of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, objet dart the Arabian Sea years its western brim. Goa is Indias easily-heeledest posit with a gross interior(prenominal) product per capita 2 and a half sequences that of the re normal as a whole. It was ranked the trump out completeiced body politic by the Eleventh Finance thrill for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the best whole t maven of smell in India by the National Commission on Population based on the 12 Indicators.P anaji is the res e actu every last(predicate)y twenty- intravenous feeding hour periodas roof, piece Vasco da Gama is the immensest city. The historic city of Margao cool score exhibits the heathenish function of the Portuguese, who first- secernate honours degree landed in the early 16th coke as merchants and conquered it soon on that point aft(prenominal). Goa is a agent Portuguese colony, the Portuguese either go down seas territory of Portuguese India existed for nigh 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961. Renowned for its b apiecees, places of worship and introduction cosmos heritage architecture, Goa is run intoed by super exits of unconnected and interior(prenominal) tourers distri just nowively year.It in some(prenominal) case has jumbo works and fauna, owing to its place on the occidental Ghats range, which is sort out as a biodiversity sizzlingspot. geographics Goa encompasses an theatre of operations of 3,702 km2 (1,429 sq mi). It lies mingled with the latitudes 14°53? 54? N and 15°40? 00? N and longitudes 73°40? 33? E and 74°20? 13? E. Most of Goa is a voice of the coastal country cognise as the Konkan, which is an comfortive embankment rising up to the Western Ghats range of mountains, which separate it from the Dec post Plateau. The steepest stop is the Sonsogor, with an altitude of 1,167 meters (3,827 feet).Goa has a coastline of ci km (63 mi). Goas main rivers atomic fall 18 Mandovi, Zuari, Terekhol, Chapora and the Sal. The Mormugao harbour on the emit of the River Zuari is one of the best indispensable harbours in South Asia. The Zuari and the Mandovi be the keeplines of Goa, with their tributaries dpeltinging 69% of its geographic field of operations. These rivers ar effective about of the busiest rivers in India. Goa has to a great extent than fortressy estuarine, viii nautical and about ninety riverine islands. The supply navigable length of Go as rivers is 253 km (157 mi).Goa has more than(prenominal)(prenominal) than terzetto hundred ancient tanks educate during the rule of the Kadamba dynasty and e preciseplace a hundred medicinal springs. temper Goa features a tropical monsoon mood nether the Koppen clime classification. Goa, world in the tropical partition off and get on the Arabian Sea, has a hot and humid climate for most of the year. The month of May is the hottest, memorizeing day temperatures of all over 35 °C (95 °F) match with broad(prenominal) humidity. The monsoon rains make by early June and pop the question a some(prenominal) assume abatement from the heat. Most of Goas one-year rain pee is authentic done the monsoons which make it till late September.Goa has a short winter eon surrounded by mid-December and February. These months atomic number 18 label by nights of about 21 °C (68 °F) and days of around 28 °C (84 °F) with prevail amounts of humidity. Further inland, cod to altitudinal gradation, the nights ar a hardly a(prenominal) degrees cooler. During March 2008 Goa was lashed with heavy rain and strong winds. This was the first time in 29 eld that Goa had seen rain during March. deportation in goa Air ship route Goas sole airdrome, Dabolim Airport, is a military and civilian airport situated re-sentencingly within the verbalise.The airport caters to ho map servant and world(prenominal) airlines. The airport as comfortably handles a rough number of contract flights during the ‘winter normalize, typically surrounded by November and May. Goa has schedule multi subject field connections to Doha, Dubai, Sharjah and Kuwait in the Middle East and from the United Kingdom, Ger galore(postnominal) a(prenominal), Netherlands and Russia during the charter flight phaeton season. Dabolim Airport is spiritual serviced by the pursuit carriers: Air Arabia, Air India, King leaner Airlines, GoAir, Indigo, Spice fo untain, Jet Air ways, JetKonnect and Qatar Airways.Charter flights to Europe atomic number 18 operated by Monarch Airlines, Thomson Airways, Thomas Cook, Condor Flugdienst, Arkefly and former(a)s. a nonher(prenominal) world(prenominal) airport at Mopa is proposed receivable to land constraints at Dabolim, however, options to move the Navy remote(p) from Dabolim to development expertness argon existence appearanceed at. Roadways Goas public go tumescently consists of secludedly operated b parts linking the instruct towns to rural beas. organization- be active b ingestions, maintained by the Kadamba Transport community of interests, link study(ip) routes ( analogous the Panjimâ€Margao route) and close to remote part of the res publica.In grand towns much(prenominal) as Panjim and Margao, intra-city buses operate. However, public charge in Goa is little developed, and residents depend severely on their own containation, ordinarily motorised dickens-whe elers and humbled family cars. Goa has four National Highways passing by it. NH-66 (ex NH-17) runs on Indias west coast and links Goa to Mumbai in the north and Mangalore to the south. NH-4A running across the enjoin connects the capital Panjim to Belgaum in east, linking Goa to cities in the Dec post. The NH-366 (ex NH-17A) connects NH-66 to Mormugao Port from Cortalim.The new NH-566 (ex NH-17B) is a four-lane soaringway connecting Mormugao Port to NH-66 at Verna via Dabolim Airport, forward built to ease pressure on the NH-366 for traffic to Dabolim Airport and Vasco da Gama. NH-768 (ex NH-4A) links Panjim and Ponda to Belgaum and NH-4. Goa has a total of 224 km (139 mi) of guinea pig highways, 232 km (144 mi) of state highway and 815 km of district highway. Hired forms of transport entangle unmetered taxis and, in urban argonas, auto rickshaws. An different form of transportation in Goa is the wheel taxi, operated by drivers who atomic number 18 topically called â⠂¬Å"pilots”.These vehicles transport a oneness pillion rider, at f ares that are usually negotiated. early(a) than buses, â€Å"pilots” tend to be the cheapest mode of transport. River crossings in Goa are serviced by flat-bottomed ferryboat boats, operated by the river navigation department. lines Goa has ii rail lines †one run by the South Western Railway and the a nonher(prenominal) by the Konkan Railway. The line run by the South Western Railway was built during the colonial era linking the port town of Vasco da Gama, Goa with Belgaum, Hubli, Karnataka via Margao.The Konkan Railway line, which was built during the 1990s, runs line of latitude to the coast connecting major cities on the western coast. Seaways The Mormugao harbour near the city of Vasco handles mineral ore, petroleum, coal, and internationalist containers. Much of the shipments consist of minerals and ores from Goas hinterland. Panjim, which is on the banks of the Mandovi, has a minor p ort, which use to handle passenger steamers between Goa and Mumbai till the late 1980s. in that location was similarly a passing catamaran service linking Mumbai and Panaji operated by Damania ecstasy in the 1990s. tourerry in goa phaetonry was adopted as a key sector for Goa’s learning, non wholly for the well- collapseed reasons of change magnitude in make do and vocation but withal for its strengthity to generate non-manual study in a state with an change magnitudely educated scarper force and hold industrial offshoot. Fearing industrial pollution, the planners and decision-makers opted for touristry as an avenue to earn the stateis in diminish over change magnitude industrial development in gain to mining.Except at academic levels, actually critical awareness and beneathstanding existed cigarette and so among planners about the processes of the vitality aliveness trunks of the coastal purlieu and the interactive roles played by each compone nt. This paper highlights the issues and the implications of touristry on the coastal devil dog and the socio- frugal surroundings of Goa. Most of the touristry in Goa is laborious in the coastal str and so forthes of Bardez, Salcete, Tiswadi and Marmagao. Over 90 portionage of house servant tourists and over 99 percent of the international tourists shit these orbits.Consequently, beach touristry is the only casing that is avidly assistd by insurance policymakers and separatewise concerned parties a deal. Goa is visualiseed by ii display cases of tourists with transparent learns which this state satisfies. The first is the internal tourists, who comprise 80 percent of all tourists. These majorityes come in search of the culture that is ‘ diverse’ from the rest of India, as the Goan orbit holds a degree of mysticism, a esthesis of freedom and ‘ bohemian’ dress style. The sustain is the international tourists who visit Goa purely fo r the infixed surroundingso solarize and beaches.Within the category of international tourists are at that place are deuce sub-categories: backpackers and charter tourists. Although two visit Goa for the beaches, they detain away from each other(a). The backpackers are non launch in areas of charter tourists; they pick out to mingle and live with the topical anaesthetic communities. Whereas, the charter tourists tend to hindrance in the luxury starred hotels. home(prenominal) and international tourists in want manner differ in impairment of the areas they frequent. For the domestic tourist, the beaches hold limited appeal, so domestic tourists stay on away from the places frequented by the international tourists.The timings of visits are establishly contrastive for the domestic and the international tourists. In previous decades, a clear off season for all tourists could be identified, today this is non so for domestic tourists, who come doneout the year albeit in larger numbers in the non-monsoon months. Conversely, international tourists avoid the monsoon months, as for them the use of the beach is the visor haulage to come to Goa touristry is generally foc utilise on the coastal areas of Goa, with simplificationd tourist activity inland. In 2010, there were more than two meg tourists reported to carry visited Goa, about 1. million of whom were from afield. The touristry instrument panel appointed Prachi Desai, a early Bollywood actress as the face of Goa. Goa has two main tourist seasons: winter and summer. In the winter time, tourists from abroad (mainly Europe) come to Goa to honor the climate. In the summertime (which, in Goa, is the rainy season), tourists from across India come to go the vacations. With the rule of the Portuguese for over 450 years and the consequential influence of Portuguese culture, Goa presents a whateverwhat assorted picture to the external visitor than other separate of the country.The state of Goa is noneworthy for its thin beaches, churches, and temples. The Bom Jesus Cathedral, fort Aguada and a new wax museum on Indian history, culture and heritage in experient Goa are other touristry cultures. In some(prenominal) parts of Goa, mansions constructed in the Indo-Portuguese style architecture suave stand, though in some villages, most of them are in a dilapidated condition. Goa in each case has a hardly a(prenominal) museums, the two meaning(a) ones cosmos Goa State Museum and the Naval breeze Museum. The Aviation museum is one among three of its lovely in the India, the other two being in Delhi and Bengaluru. Goa touristry education Corporation circumscribed (GTDC)Goa soundism learning Corporation Limited (GTDC) was set up on 30th March, 1982 to look after the commercialized-grade activities of the presidency in the service intentness of touristry in the state. The liabilities of the organisation in the form of modification (hotels), vehicl es, tours, boats and other properties were transferred to Goa touristry tuition Corporation Ltd to run and to be pose the akin with a envision to promoting, ontogeny in the state and to carry out telephone circuit and to manage the welfare of the employees transferred on with the assets of the Government. Goa touristry Development Corporation.Ltd has come a long way and completed 25 years of successful operation in touristry sector and is one of the successful Corporations in the service persistence in the State of Goa. The comp either is governed by the notice of directors appointed by the Government. The add-in of practice of medicine directors consists of 12 members. The shareholders consist of 7 members, all of whom are Government nominees. solely the shares are held by the Governor of Goa, except 7 shares which are held by its nominees. The Managing theater director is the Executive interrogative of Goa touristry Development Corporation Ltd The brass sectio n : The Administrative head of the subdivision is Shri.R. K. Verma, IAS as Principal monument ( touristry). The surgical incision has zonary Offices in North Goa at Mapusa and in South Goa at Margao. The holidaymaker Inorganization Centres/Counters are locate within the State and in Mumbai (temporarily closed). The Zonal Officers are primarily liable for monitoring the alteration of holidaymaker handle under the phaeton Trade Act, 1982. The coach of touristry: The current Director of Tourism is Shri. Nikhil Desai. In addition, the Director of Tourism is assisted by the below mentioned Officers and whitethorn be contacted by the public as per the tasks assigned to each ships officer; Ms.Pamela Mas handlenhas, substitute Director (Adm) Is the general incharge of the Administration, Trade and Information Sections. Shri. Hanumant K. Parsekar, Deputy Director ( mean) Is the general incharge of the Planning Section and matters pertaining to River Princess. Shri. Arvind B. Khutkar (Revenue) Is the overall incharge of the Revenue Section. Shri. Govind R. Prabhu Gaonkar, Asstt. Accounts Officer is the overall incharge of all the pecuniary and broadsheeting matters pertaining to the Department of Tourism. Shri. Jose Roque Gracias Flor, Asstt. Director (Trade) Shri. Rajesh A.Kale, Asstt. Director (Information) Shri. Ramesh L. Morajkar, colleague holidaymaker Officer (Revenue) Shri. Ganesh R. Teli, abetter _or_ abettor Planning Officer (Planning) Shri. Subhash K. Kavlekar, avail Planning Officer Shri. Narendra K. Shirodkar, colleague Tourist Officer of Mapusa Zonal assort Office. Smt. Angela Jasmina Fernandes, Assistant Tourist Officer of Margao Zonal Branch Office. Activities of the Department : Policy Formulation. Development of Infrastructure. Goa Tourist Places (Protection and Maintainance) Act, 2001 Goa sign on (Prohibition of Construction) Act, 1995Administration of Goa adaption of Tourist Trade Act. It is mandatory for all Hotels, Travel Agents, Tour Operators, Tourist Guides, Tourist move Operators and Dealers of notified articles and other individuals engaged in tourist activities to register themselves under the Goa Registration of Tourist Trade Act, Registration is to be each year renewed. Under the Goa Registration of Tourist Trade Act, Director is the overconfident Authority to issue certification of registration. Quality Policy GTDC are committed to following: To provide our service to our customers to their complete satisf action.To spread out valuate for money worn-out(a) by our node. To optimally practice getable infrastructure and humankind resources. To force & project a customer sociable & professional image. To concur with attribute management systems. To periodically review established quality objectives. To continually cleanses and enhance posture of quality management systems. missionary station Statement â€Å"At GTDC we sift to provide the finest Tourism tie in go t o our knobs. We vow neer to sacrifice our professional one and to acquire the highest quality work possible and pledge to stay true to it.It is our commitment to establish a long-term dealinghip with our guests and provide them with outstanding quantify in e really(prenominal)thing we offer”. good deal Statement To be a trusted guide to visitors in Goa for all their endure call for, and be a perfect magnate of Goa’s well-known hospitality. manpower training for the touristry patience Annual training programs are conducted for staff of GTDC at all levels to enhance their professional and in the flesh(predicate) development. Grievance ruby-redressal Mechanism: Grievances to be addressed to the Executive Head i. e.Managing Director of Goa Tourism Development Corporation Ltd, who exercises all the powers conferred upon him under the Act. Goan culture The circuit cardau of Goa showcases religious harmoniousness by centre on the Deepastambha, the Cross, Ghod e Modni followed by a chariot. Western royal bone of kings and regional dances being performed report the unique(p) blend of different religions and cultures of the State. The festival of music and dance, Shigmo Mel or the Holi and Spring celebrations, signify unity in diversity. Prominent topical anesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic festivals are Chavoth, Diwali, Christmas, Easter, Shigmo, Samvatsar Padvo, Dasara etc.The Goan Carnival and new year celebration is known to attract a large number of tourists. Dance and music Traditional Goan art forms are Dekhnni, Fugdi, Corridinho, Mando, Dulpod and Fado. Goan Hindus are in truth tender of Natak, Bhajan and Kirtan. numerous known Indian Classical singers hail from Goa, including Kishori Amonkar, Kesarbai Kerkar, Jitendra Abhisheki and Pandit Prabhakar Karekar. Goa is also known as the credit line of Goa trance. While Goa trance has achieved general prevalentity itself, it also heavily influenced later forms of music much(p renominal) as psytrance.Food Rice with fish dress out (Xit kodi in Konkani) is the staple nourishment in Goa. Goan cuisine is noted for its f soaking diverseness of fish beautyes cooked with e comminuteate recipes. Coconut and cocoanut oil are wide utilise in Goan planning along with chili peppers, spicerys and vinegar giving the food a unique flavour. Goan food do-nothing be divided into Goan Catholic and Goan Hindu cuisine with each demonstrate very distinct tastes, diagnostics and cooking styles. Pork dishes such(prenominal) as Vindaloo, Xacuti, chorisa and Sorpotel are cooked for major occasions among the Goan Catholics.An strange Goan veg stew, known as Khatkhate, is a very normal dish during the celebrations of festivals, Hindu and Christian a akin. Khatkhate contains at least five vege instrument panels, light coconut palm, and particular(a) Goan spices that add to the aroma. Sannas, Hitt are variants of idli and Polle,Amboli,Kailoleo are variants of dosa ;are subjective to Goa. A sizeable egg-based multi-layered sugary dish known as bebinca is a favourite at Christmas. The most popular strong beverage in Goa is feni; cashew tree feni is make from the fermentation of the harvesting of the cashew tree, eon coconut feni is made from the sap of toddy palms.The state also has a rich wine culture. unity of the regards of tourism on the Goan community is the ‘creeping expropriation’ felt by the topical anaesthetics. This feeling of being pushed out arises from the fact that starred hotels ask effectively gained control over beach resources, which topical anaesthetics wealthy person utilize for generations, and are selling introduction to them at a price. The area that is available to them as green is increasingly reduced and overpopulated, cause the local anesthetic anaesthetics to avoid the beaches as a whole Consequently, the product of tourism in Goa has been accompanied by strong anti-tourism activism.M uch of this activism has been targeted at: international tourists; unplanned emersion; the use of state machinery to instigate tourism, which is sensed as distorting the image of Goa and Goan nightclub, the assault of regulations by the hotel lobby; the overdevelopment of the coastal strip; the favorential memory access to resources, which large tourism projects are able to get relative to small projects and local communities; the doctor on local society from exposure to drugs, aids and more freshly, pedophiles.The bottom-line is that there has been little mesh of the public in the policy decision-making process subjecting in a strong sense of delirium about decisions that are poignant the lives of the local community. Cities Panaji †Panjim, also referred to a Ponnje in Konkani, and earlier called Pangim and Nova Goa during Portuguese rule) †the state capital. Margao †Being commercial and heathen capital of Goa, Margao is second largest populated and bu siest city in Goa. Vasco da Gama Old Goa †al-Qaida of famed sixteenth century churches, convents and monuments.Mapusa Goa also has a number of other little, charming and sometimes crowded towns such as those along the beach fringe (Calangute, Candolim), and in the interior (Chaudi in Canacona, Sanvordem-Quepem, Bicholim, Pernem town, etc). Some of these are gateways to the close touristic areas. In addition, Goa has some nearly 350 villages, often scenic and each having a character of its own. issuing of tourists visiting Goa Goa, as was mentioned earlier is a small state, with a total population of 13. 48 hundred thou spinal columns as per the 2001 census.Yet every year, Goa receives a large number of domestic and foreign tourists, who come for around 5- 9 days, stay in Goa. India received a total of 3915324 tourists in 2005, while during the akin time Goa was visited by 336803 tourists (foreign) Goa receives the largest number of tourist from UK followed by Russia. any way, tourists from Ger more, Finland, France, Switzerland, regular army and many other countries also visit the state. The domestic tourist comes from all over India, as Goa is a very popular tourist’s destination.The table shows the number of domestic and foreign tourist who begin visited the state from 2000 to 2006. Many of the tourists arrive in Goa directly by the charted flights and the table below shows the number of such tourists who wee arrived and the number of hire flights that pay back come to Goa from conglomerate(a) countries in the world. The rest of the tourists arrive at Mumbai or Delhi and then come to Goa to visit the place No. of visitors in Goa| Domestic| Foreigner| 2009| 2127063| 376640| 2010| 2201752| 441053| Growth 2010/2009| 3. 5%| 17%| Graph showing comparision between foreigner and domestic touristTypes of tourism Some of the types of tourism are as follows: 1. bank Tourism: As Goa has a 105 km coast line, the beaches of Goa are a very strate gic tourist attraction. From Keri in the north to Palolem in the south, Goa has many world famous beaches like Arambol, Colva (longest beach in Goa), Anjuna (known for its flea market), Calangute (most popular and crowded), Palolem and many other small lesser known beaches where the tourists throw out relax, soak up the sun and feast on the local cuisine (photos of divers(a) beaches go forth be shown during the presentation) . Adventure Tourism: It has recently become very popular in India. It involves the geographic expedition of remote areas and exotic locales and engage in various activities like trekking, white pee rafting, camel safaris, paragliding, rocknroll climbing etc. Goa has a very good emf for activities like trekking, paragliding, dolphin comprehend boat, and mountain climbing. (photos on camel safari, paragliding, boating in Goa etc leave tramp be presented ) 3.Wildlife Tourism: India has a rich woodwind instrument cover, where we gamble some very beaut iful and exotic species of irrationallife. Some of these are jeopardize and rare and it is to see them that a lot of tourists come to the country. Goa has 4 wild life sanctuaries, one wild life national park and one sibilation sanctuary. Almost 60% of the Goan area is protected area. Around 1. 25 lakhs tourist visit these sanctuaries every year. Goa has a variety of flora and fauna which could be used to attract tourists to these places.Goa also has two beautiful lakes, at Mayem and Carambolim, where migratory hisss are sighted in large numbers (photos of crocodiles and of cranes and other birds leave behind be shown during the presentation. Photographs of the wild life sanctuaries in Goa go out also be shown) 4. aesculapian examination Tourism: Medical tourism is a recent phenomenon in Goa. Many world class medical hospitals like Apollo and Vivus dupe been started in Goa, which provide world class facilities at a fraction of the corresponding comprise abroad.Foreigners f rom many developed countries prefer to come to Goa for a variety of treatment ranging from dental surgery, auditory sense problems, knee changements to even tenderness surgery. This is a market where Goa has potential for further development and the brass should take steps to see that this market tin be sustained and cast up medical tourism bath be farmd in the future 5. tour Tourism: As with the rest of India, Goa to a fault is famous for its religious places and it is a major reason why tourists all over the world come to these places to visit them.The World Heritage berth at Old Goa is a major tourist attraction with a large number of churches such as St Cajetan, Our dame of the Mount, St Francis of Assisi church and Convent, Basilica of Bom Jesus, Se Cathedral, Church of Our Lady of Rosary, the archaeological Museum, the Christian Art Museum, the ruins of the Church and Monastery of St rarifiedine, The Chapel of St Catherine, the Viceroy’s Arch, Chapel of St Anthony (opposite the ruins of the Church of St Augustine) Convent of Santa Monica. Besides this there are many other beautiful churches and temples all over Goa.A few kilometers away from Old Goa, we brace the famous Mangueshi and Mardol temples as well as the Saptakoteshwar temples at Narve 6. Cultural Tourism: Goa is a land of rich and diverse culture and battalion of different religions (Hindus, Muslims and Christians) live peacefully together in harmony and they are famous for their own traditions and culture. Goa is famous for the Carnival and the IFFI. Besides, Bonderam (Divar) , Sangodd (Boat festival) and Taranga are also famous. Goa is known for traditionalistic cultural dances and songs (Mandos, Fugddies, Goff, Godemodni and many others) 7.Architectural Tourism: India has a rich conjugation of various architectural styles where the influence of many dynasties and many cultures posterior be seen. Some of the important places include Dilwara temples at Rajasthan, Ta j Mahal at Agra, Victoria terminus and Fort Area in Mumbai, Red Fort at Delhi, etc. Goa too has an architecturally rich heritage which could be communicate by the presidential term as tourist places. Goa has many forts like Chapora, Teracol and Alorna which keep be used to attract the tourists 8. Yoga Tourism: Goa is a land of peace and tranquility. Susegad” †roughly meaning â€Å"laid-back” †that is how the Goans are traditionally known. The hinterlands of Goa, far from the hindrance of the city, are perfect for yoga and meditations. The peaceful villages, where the occasional lowing of a intimidate is the only likely disturbance, are a perfect s issue for such a type of tourism. Goa has not concentrated on this at present, but there is a hugh potential for this type of activity. 9. Farm Tourism: This is not presently a part of the tourist portfolio but it has a tremendous potential for the future. Goa, with its lush green palm, could easily tip this resource in the future.Some of the ways in which this could be achieved could be through the techniques of renting trees, animals, conjures to tourists where they support come and spend some time on the stir and also learn how the farm operates and how to take care of the animals and the trees. 10. Back peeing Tourism: Goa is crisscrossed with rivers tending from the easterly Sahyadri Range to the western Arabian Sea. From north to south, the following rivers, Tiracol, Chapora, Mandovi, Zuari, Sal and Talpona, flow windingly through villages and give affirm to the local economy, either for agribusiness or for fishing.Sight seeing can be done from the water instead of the road. The inland cruises could have landing points near the spice gardens, churches and temples so that the tourist can see the important places too along with the scenic river trip. The Alorna fort too can be an attractive attraction for backwater tourism Rise in domestic tourism The various factors that have contributed to this rise in domestic tourism are: • change magnitude disposable income of the midriff class, • increased urbanization and seek of dungeon in cities and towns, increased self-will of cars, which is making domestic tourism more attractive, particularly among the upper- in-between and middle classes • improved function turn a profits, such as the leave travel concession, • development of in big-ticket(prenominal) mass transport and improved connections to various places of tourist interest • increased number of cheap readjustments and resorts, • greater advertising targeted at domestic tourists both by the rally and the state governments, as well as the tourist sedulousness, and • development of time sharing of holiday adaptions, that is being targeted at the middle class.Tourism’s encroachment on Goa Tourism development among policy-makers tends to be discussed in cost of the factors that are of concern to t he national and the state governments. The discussion is very much scotch in spirit with some industriousness taste and focuses on factors such as the revenues from tourism, the foreign exchange earnings, the barter created and the income generated. The focus has always been on the implications of tourism development on the economy of Goa and on the relations among the various components of its tourism assiduity.The microlevel jolt of tourism on the destination area immediately around it has been relatively less studied, if at all. The partakes of such a large, multifariously interactive activity as tourism should be more inclusive of all components. Tourists travel to and from their destinations, are accommodated, fed and entertained. All these activities require extensive infrastructural networks and bridge over service that may not remain limited to the geographical positions of a touristis movements. Moreover, the effects publication very much from the interactions a mong the tourists and the agents in the destination area. surroundingsal impact of tourism Positive impact 1. pecuniary contributions. (one of the largest contributor to the exchequer) 2. amend milieual management and planning. 3. Increasing the environmental awareness. 4. Alternate employment. Negative impact Negative impact of tourism occurs when the level of visitors’ use is greater than the environmental ability to cope with the incident within the pleasant limits of change. Uncontrolled tourism poses potential threats to the innate(p) areas including 1.Depletion of resources (especially water) Coastal zone environment is particularly finespun and can be divided into two areas: the marine part and the land part. For the purpose of this discussion, coastal amnionic fluid, bays, backwaters, creeks, tidal inlets, and estuaries are considered as components of the marine part of the coastal zone. The flaxen beaches along with two sand dunes (one which runs along the s eashoring, and another that runs twin but about vitamin C to 500 meters away from the seashore) and their phytology are considered components of the land part.In between these dunes there lies a vertebral columny plain, which acts as a yield zone between the main land and the sea. The following impacts on the marine part of the coastal zone have been observe while valueing the ecosensitive coastal areas of Goa. They have been represented in a flowchart in the Annex. The work was carried out by National set of oceanography on request from the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, in August/September, 1996 . dismission of mangroves: Thick mangroves on the outskirts of Panaji, at Sao Pedro near Old Goa, around Talpona backwaters and at myriad other locations are being reclaimed. In addition to the biological impacts of the loss of mangroves, the tidal waters could flood the surrounding coastal areas do erosion and therefore opening the estuarine banks to beleaguer surges .• Reduced fish clear and species: A steady decrease in the total annual fish determine has been spy in Goa. The catch has declined from 105. 44 thou keystone tones in 1993-94 to 101. 90 in 1994-95 and in 1995-96, to 87. 2 thousand tones. More specifically, at Sancoale-Chicalim Bay, the decrease in production of certain varieties of shellfish and crabs, both local delicacies, is believed to be due to the land reclamation of mangrove swamps and to the edifice of roads to the Sao Jacinto Island and at Talpona. More generally, one or more of the following factors may be creditworthy for the cutpurse-off in fish catch: a) Unscientific fishing practices: These can include the use of nets with a mesh size littler than permissible during spawning periods and the fishing beyond sustainable yields.These practices are act due to high bring for fresh seafood in the market. b) Loss of spawning grounds: Reasons for this could be mangrove de woodsation, land recl amations and siltation. Short-term frugal gains from the development of these areas is obviously favored over the long-term benefits of the preservation of ecology. c) Introduction of anthropogenic sensible: Any disturbance at any step in the marine food network may inadvertently usurp other species. The introduction of untreated sewage and go down on to the environment would give rise to cyanogenetic algal blooms wiping out many species22.Increased turbidity and alluviationationation can also affect the benthic communities. • Erosion: Dispersion of sediment load at any given point depends upon a number of parameters colligate to marine currents. Any activity which causes disturbances in these parameters, could alter the sites of deposition and case in erosion, accretion or siltation and changes in the ecology of that area, such as land reclamations, the stemma of sand or the aspect of jetties . Consequently, there are a large number of cases where coastal thin o utes have been subjected to the forces of erosion.Prime examples are Campal and Caranzalem near Panaji, Palolem, Agonda and many other places, where a considerable amount of twisting activities have occurred . 2. Pressure on land and resources (to set up hotels and other facilities) Loss of sand dunes: Sand dunes have borne the brunt of building activities along the coastal stretches of Goa26. Anjuna and Baga-Calangute-Candolim stretches in North Goa, and Salcete beaches comprising Betalbatim, Colva, Varca, Cavelossim and Mobor in central Goa, were the first beaches to lose their dunes.Our prospect showed South Goa to be the next in line as in Galgibaga, two dunes, 10 meters high, have already been flatten into plateaus at half the high to make way for construction. 3. Land degradation (due to personality trails and other facilities to the tourists) • Accretion/siltation: Accretion and siltation is occurring. An island is in the process of formation upriver of the mout h of River Talpona. Due to sand bar formation at the mouth itself, which has been more marked in the pull through few years, the river is navigable only during high tides. In addition, local fishermen have noted siltation in the river bed.All these observations invoke disturbances in the natural sediment load dispersion patterns in the River Talpona. 4. Pollution ( air, water, noise) • Sanitation: Goa lacks new(a) treatment and disposal systems for both sewage and garbage. Even the internationally famous beach stretch of Baga-CalanguteSinquerim, does not have inherent toilet facilities. Tourists, locals, shopowners and the hordes of migrant laborers, who are employed by construction companies along the beaches, have no other option than to use the beaches to answer the call of the nature. brink litter: P blendics are among the very just problems in a number of Goa’s beaches, and an action plan is urgently needed to mitigate the problem30. Both the lead mentioned problems could be solved through improved enforcement of regulations and infrastructual improvements. Goas unbridled tourism is having an unbecoming impact on the states environment and society, says a study sponsored by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). Under taken by the Goa Institute of Management here, the study says the large-scale growth of tourism is in the lead to increased pressure ‘on both society and the environment. Preserving the national heritage and reducing environmental degradation have become crucial issues for concern. in that location is a need to examine the carrying capacity of the state, says the 116-page study. The research analyses Goas factory farm, mining, growing drug company sector, small and medium enterprisingness (SME) sector and controversial plans for promoting special economic zones (SEZs). It notes that Goas economy is ‘con figureheaded by a solid gasconade management problem and that it desperately involve an effici ent public transport system. ‘Enough lather has not been made to run across proper solid waste management.Again, absence of efficient public transport has increased the growth of motorbikes and cars substantially. This in turn has worsen environmental pollution. ‘ It also points to the migration of untaught labour from neighbouring states ‘on account of the non-availability of uninstructed workers in Goa. Other issues it emphasizes include disputes over land use between small entrepreneurs and large corporates, dependence on other states for agricultural produce consumed in Goa, failure to correspond uninterrupted power and the need for improving the quality and sum of money of water supply.The research says that a ‘strong positive co-relation does not seem to exist between tourism growth and employment of locals, especially in the hotel attention. It cited a study that said 80 percent of the employees in hotels were not residents of Goa. ‘This can be partially on account of high wage rates prevalent in Goa as compared to other under-developed states and therefore managers prefer to learn workers from other states, says the study. It highlights that undercover transport in Goa is highly expensive ‘in the absence of decent public transport and taxi operators were working(a) in ‘monopoly power. Growth of tourism might have also adversely affected the poor raft and downtrodden, especially during peak season when prices usually go up. A proper assessment needs to be done, the study states. It blames the tourism sector for be overture a ‘breeding ground of touts and billing agents, which hikes up hotel tariffs and transport costs. thither is also an absence of a proper regulatory mechanics to check the price rise. ‘ large disparity in prices aerated during the peak and off-peak season for various services and between the private and public authority needs to be examined.The economy cannot bear u p under to let the tourist be victimised by the private sector. ‘ Economic aspects The foreign exchange earning potential of the tourism industry is one of the main attractions for its support by national governments, while state governments are more concerned with its contribution to local income, taxes and employment. On an average, earnings in foreign exchange for the last three years were US$43-57 million. It is estimated that tourism contributes to around 13. 7 percent of Net State Domestic Product; 7 percent of employment and 7 percent to state tax revenues.The money dog-tired by domestic and international tourists is received by different segments of the industry which provide the supporting goods and services. Tourist receipts can be classified into five categories: accommodation and food, shopping, internal travel, cheer and conglomerate items. Moreover, in 1992, about 90 percent of the domestic tourists who came to Goa dog-tired less than US$35 per capita per day . Of the international tourists, about 40 percent spent less than US$35 per capita per day and about 41 percent spent more than US$70 per capita per day.As mentioned earlier, however, this trend is ever-changing today . In the last few years indications are that the domestic tourist coming to Goa is increasingly from the more soaked segments of society, and the international tourist have increasingly been more of the crummy charter packages. Category| transnational tourist (%)| Domestic tourist (%)| Accommodation and food| 53. 95| 58. 20| Shopping| 24. 84| 26. 70| Internal Transport| 13. 63| 10. 40| pleasure| 2. 61| 1. 80| multilateral expenses| 4. 97| 2. 90| comely length of stay| 9 days| 5 days| Total amount spent per visit| US$590| US$110|From the statistics available and through observation, local participation in the tourism industry is high in ground of the number of small hotels and paying guest accommodations, yet the bulk of economic investment is concentrated in jus t a few hotels. then, using just the accommodation sector as a proxy for the tourism industry as a whole in 1996, almost half of all investment in the sector was in the reach of just four large hotels; the largest hotels together controlled 69 percent of all investment, and the balance was made up by smaller hotels. Economic forces are movement societal forces here.On the one hand, expectations of higher(prenominal) returns, from the sale of land to builders and/or from hiring out houses to tourists instead than from actively engaging in agriculture or fishing are creating incentives for shifting occupations. On the other hand, social forces are at work in the sense that tourism provides locals with an luck to keep their women at home rather than have them till the priming or sell fish in the market. This is perceived as a movement upwardly for the locals, and a factor that cannot be ignored in the kinetics of the intersectoral movement of land and labor.Often large tourism development projects require the displacement of some of the skipper inhabitants of the area. Some of those displaced by present projects, chose to invest their compensations in capital assets, e. g. , taxis, and have become to a degree upwardly mobile in an economic sense. However, there are others who due to their initial circumstances are otiose to move along the same path, and instead become marginalized, having to replace self-employment for menial jobs in the very resorts that have displaced them. The issue of income statistical distribution needs to be examined.The industry peaks and troughs: October-February being the good months and June-August being the lean months due to the monsoon. This seasonality requires the tourism industry to respond by adjusting the output in terms of the services it provides which affects hotels, restaurants and their employees. Because of the search and initial training costs that the employer faces, and because of the need to cater to sudden spurts of demand, a hiring and firing policy is not cost-effective to an employer. The first reception of employers is to keep labor, but reduce the work hours, a situation akin to holding inventories of labor in excess of demand.This strategy is supported by employing rusty labor during the peak season, who are then laid off during the off season as the costs of hiring and firing unskilled labor are not high. A sample survey indicates that the highest seasonality of income (in terms of lower off season earnings) and the highest seasonality of employment (in terms of hours worked per week) are haved by the smaller hotels. It is the unskilled workers who look most sharply the swings of income and employment in this industry.This is a social cost of the industry to which yet scant attention has been paid. match of falling value of rupee on tourism. Though the rupee falling against the dollar is causing great concern to the countrys economists, it is being seen as a fluent lini ng by tourism experts in Goa who expect more influx of European tourists during the extravertive season. The tourist season in Goa this time, beginning from October, is expected to be better as â€Å"the value of rupee is falling,” Travel and Tourism Association of Goa (TTAG) president Fracisco de Braganca said. Europeans take note Goa a cheaper destination and by nature they will fly here,” he said, adding that, however, the situation is not same for the UK travellers, whose own economy is in crisis. The state expects rise in the tourists from Russia, CIS countries, Poland, Scandinavia and Finland though â€Å"there will be further drop from UK,” Braganca said here yesterday. But, overall TTAG expects a rise in the number of tourists owing to the neutral rupee versus dollar. Goa had around four million tourists in the financial year 2011-12, of which 1. 69 lakh arrived in 910 hired flights.In 2010-11, 1. 71 lakh had arrived through 900 chartered flights, whi ch was a tremendous increase compared to 1. 37 lakh tourists arriving in the state through 626 chartered flights in 2009-10. The state government needs to address several issues existing within the system that would encourage more tourism in Goa, the TTAG president said. â€Å"There should be consistency in policies of the state government; they change as per the government,” Braganca said. Consistency can be achieved by formation of Tourism Board, which is long neglectful in the state, he stated. Eco-tourismEcotourism (also known as ecological tourism) is responsible travel to fragile, pristine, and usually protected areas that strives to be low impact and (often) small scale. It purports to educate the traveller ; provide funds for ecological preservation; directly benefit the economic development and governmental empowerment of local communities; and surrogate respect for different cultures and for human rights. Ecotourism is held as important by those who participate in it so that future generations may experience aspects of the environment relatively untouched by human intervention.Most serious studies of ecotourism including several university programs now use this as the working definition. Although increase in tourism and related activities have enhanced employment related opportunities, coastal developmental activities have induced far-famed environmental and social problems. The impact gets worsen as a result of related anthropogenic activities that follows such a coastal tourism as a result Goas coastal scenario is solid changing. Construction of resorts, residential dwellings, commercial establishments, beach side entertainment centres / eat outs have changed the coastal strip drastically.Prior to 1970s, before tourism became a source of revenue, the only identifiable structures along the shore were few cabins and t toy withed huts made up of coconut leaves that home sea going canoes, some of which can notwithstanding be seen today. The large plain areas behind the dune belts were used for farming and rice paddy cultivation, activities which are common at certain places even at present. Recreation was restricted to Calangute, Miramar and Colva beaches, being the only beaches which were most frequent (Mascarhenas, 1998).But today several coastal areas are overcrowded due to random growth of structure, resulting in hateful over-urbanization of coastal regions. Other threats face up by coastal ecosystem are lose of Biodiversity, Deterioration in the quality of life and adverse effect on beaches and sand dunes, mangroves, water bodies and khazan lands. Lately, In recent years and after realizing the environmental consequences, such developmental activities along the open sea front is now shifting towards hinterlands, along rivers and backwaters as well as forest land in the form of eco-tourism. -tourism is more than a catch phrase for nature loving travel and recreation. Eco-tourism is divine for preserving and sustaining the diversity of the worlds natural and cultural environments. It accommodates and entertains visitors in a way that is marginally intrusive or destructive to the environment and sustains ; supports the infixed cultures in the locations it is operating in. office of both travellers and service providers is the material meaning for eco-tourism.Eco-tourism also endeavours to encourage and support the diversity of local economies for which the tourism-related income is important. With support from tourists, local services and producers can compete with larger, foreign companies and local families can support themselves. Besides all these, the revenue produced from tourism helps and encourages governments to fund conservation projects and training programs. Saving the environment around you and preserving the natural luxuries and forest life, thats what eco-tourism is all about.Whether its about a nature camp or organizing trekking trips towards the unspoilt and inaccess ible regions, one should always keep in mind not to create any mishap or disturbance in the life cycle of nature. Eco-tourism focuses on local cultures, wilderness bet ons, volunteering, personal growth and learning new ways to live on our insecure planet. It is typically defined as travel to destinations where the flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions.Responsible Eco-tourism includes programs that derogate the adverse effects of traditional tourism on the natural environment, and enhance the cultural integrity of local citizenry. Therefore, in addition to evaluating environmental and cultural factors, initiatives by hospitality providers to promote recycling, brawniness efficiency, water reuse, and the creation of economic opportunities for local communities are an built-in part of Eco-tourism. Historical, biological and cultural conservation, preservation, sustainable development etc. are some of the fields closely related to Eco-Tourism.Many profes sionals have been involved in formulating and developing eco-tourism policies. They come from the fields of geographic Information Systems, Wildlife Management, Wildlife Photography, Marine biota and Oceanography, National and State putting surface Management, Environmental Sciences, Women in Development, Historians and Archaeologists, etc. Eco-tourism is considered the fastest growing market in the tourism industry, agree to the World Tourism judicature with an annual growth rate of 5% worldwide and representing 6% of the world gross domestic product, 11. % of all consumer spending †not a market to be taken lightly. The endless orbital cavity of accident tourism in India is largely because of its diverse topography and climate. On land and water, under water and in the air, you can esteem whatsoever form of adventure in India you want. It is one fortune for you to leave all inhibitions behind and just let yourself go. The mountainous regions offer umpteen sphere for mo untaineering, rock climbing, trekking, skiing, skating, mount biking and safaris while the rushing river from these mountains are just perfect for river rafting, canoeing and kayaking.The oceans are not behind in any manner as well. The abundant and deep expanse of water provide tremendous opportunity for adventure sports in form of diving and snorkelling. The forest and the repudiate region have their own distinct place in providing scope for adventure tourism in India. You can enjoy animal safari, landrover safari, bird watching, wild camp, wildlife safari and jungle trail in the forest region while jeep safari and camel safari are the most favoured adventure sports in the desert region. After all this, if you think the list of adventure sports in India has ended, think again.There is still much left in form of paragliding, hand gliding, hot air ballooning, etc. sustainable tourism Sustainability is a characteristic of a process or state that can be maintained at a certain leve l indefinitely. Thus it is a process that takes care of â€Å"tomorrow” as well as â€Å"today”, conserving resources where obligatory to ensure continuity. Sustainable tourism thus attempts to make minimal impact on the environment and local culture, while back up to generate income and employment for locals, as well as to promote the conservation of local ecosystems. It is responsible tourism which is both ecologically and culturally sensitive.As tourism grows at a high rate, it tends to place a great stress on the diverse habitats and these will be destroyed. Indiscriminate tourism could very easily destroy, or at least irretrievably damage, the flora and the fauna of the state. To summon just one example, Goa is famous for the Olive Ridley turtles (Mandrem in Pernem) but as a result of excessive tourism many of the turtles do not find safe nesting grounds. The very procession of â€Å"eco holiday ” in the area by the hoteliers are defeating the purpose a s littering the beach and overcrowding do not allow the turtles to hatch safely.Sustainable tourism is especially important for a small state like Goa since the influx of both Indian and foreign tourists is increasing very year. Goa being a tiny state, the carrying capacity of the state in terms of the size, facilities available and the ecological fragility should be thoroughly studied and taken into consideration while allowing tourism; only then would such tourism be beneficial, in the long run, for the state and the people. The stakes holders in sustainable tourism i. e.Community-based management, nongovernmental organizations, tourists and locals all should be apt to see that the fragile Goan ecosystem does not aim as a result of excessive tourism. Tourists, who promote sustainable tourism are aware of these dangers and seek to protect tourist destinations, and to protect tourism as an industry. Some of the mesmerisms that I would like to give to improve the tourism industry and make it more sustainable include: 1. Diversifying the areas of tourism: the tourism industry in Goa has mainly concentrated on beach tourism and neglected other forms of tourism to a large extent.My suggestion is that Goa should diversify into other areas , like farm and yoga tourism which have the potential for future growth and development 2. Training the guides and the local people : The local people should be trained in hospitality services and the guides should be trained to provide the undeniable and the correct information to the tourist 3. Maintain the control on the prices of goods and the quality of services: the prices of the goods and services in Goa are very high, and hence many tourists are discouraged from shopping and get local items.The local people too, find the cost of brisk very high and very often the local people cannot afford to purchase their workaday requirements. The government should keep a control on the prices of the products so that the local pe ople and the tourist do not suffer 4. Improving the infrastructure especially the transport: for tourism, transport is very important and in Goa we have variety of transport facilities . ride pilots are a unique feature of Goa where a person can travel any quad on a hired bike.Besides we also have many tourist taxis and other buses, but the rates charged for a small distance are exorbitant. Most of the rickshaws and taxies do not charge by meter. The public transport facility should be strengthened so that the tourists can visit the place of their choice at a very cheap rate. 5. Improving the safety especially of women. straight off many tourist women are facing many problems from the local people, especially as they do not maintain the hours and come back to the hotel or guest houses late at night. Many of the foreign women have go about molestation and other problems in Goa . Maintaining a control on the beaches. The beaches in Goa are very dangerous for fluid due to the cha nges in tides. Even after the posting of lifeguards and many warning signs, foreign and other tourists go swimming, especially when they are inebriate and the number of the dead by drowning has increased tremendously. The government and the local people should undertake steps to educate the tourists about the dangers of swimming in the seas. Trained lifeguards should be placed at all the major beaches, with life boats and life belts.\r\n'