The Alkanes

ALKANES

The alkanes are the simplest form of organic compounds. They are made up of

only Carbon atoms and Hydrogen atoms. All of the bonds are single and the number

of atomic number 1 atoms versus carbon atoms follows this formula: CnH2n+2 Alkanes are all

non-polar molecules so they arent meltable in water. Here are some more facts.

-Referred to as Saturated

-They have

-low densities

-low melting points

-low boiling points

-Refer to Slide 29 sheet

We couldnt find any information on who discovered them. Or on the what,

where, or when. However the graduation alkane that was discovered was probably methane.

Because, of course, this is the gas that cows belch.

The diary of toxology report that a 15 year old boy was stricken with

hemiparesis resulting from acute intoxication following inhalation of butane gas.

Hemiparesis is when one-half of a persons body is paralyzed. Through reactions alkanes

can be transformed into anesthetise. This has been shown to squirrel away in lungs of

swimmers after they swim for extended periods of time.

As mentioned above chloroform can be produced which can be used for

anaesthesia. in any case dichloromethane, or paint stripper and 1,2-dichloroethane which is a

dry cleaning fluid. Here is a sample reaction where a halogen replaces a hydrogen.

CH4(g) + C12(g) ----> CH3Cl(g) + HCl(g)

There are some uses for alkanes, for instance: Propane is used in gas grills,

butane is used in cigarette lighters, through various reactions scientists can halt paint

stripper, anesthesia or dry cleaning fluid. The Pentanes and Hexanes are also highly

flammable and make really cool explosions. Heptane, octane and nonane make up

gasoline. The Octane Scale on gas pumps uses a system which rates n-heptane at a

0 and isooctane at 100.

Currently propane gas is being studied to use it as a fuel for more...

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