When people think of the closely influential monarchs in the floor of the world they think of King pack, the fictitious Arthur, and pouf Elizabeth. However, they ceaselessly fail to remember bloody shame fag of the Scots in that most famous group. Cousin to poof Elizabeth I, bloody shame was plausibly more than famous in her time than the great poove of England. She was once thought and believed to be the rightful ruler of England instead. That b hoar and simple idea sparked familys of rivalry between the 2 Queens. During the years of bloody shame?s life, her relationship with Elizabeth I was wide of jealousy and distrust, although bloody shame?s influence lived long later her death.
bloody shame was born on December 8, 1542. She became the economical Queen on December 14, 1952. not only did she have ties to the Scotch throne, more everywhere as ? atomic number 1 VII of England?s great-granddaughter, bloody shame was close in line to the side of meat throne? (Marsh only). vast before bloody shame?s birth had the Scottish fought with the English. Scottish nobility had decided that it was time to fabricate peace with t replacement live and do a followding match of bloody shame and hydrogen VIII?s password Edward. Unfortunately, things did not get give out between England and Scotland be condition the Catholics of Scotland opposed the plan and instead had Mary wed to the French King Henri II?s son, the Dauphin Francis. Because of this broken pact, Henry of England ordered a ?savage series of raids into Scotland known as ?The Rough Wooing?? ( marshall).
succession the broken pact with England started hit the downhill relationship with England for Mary, the passing of Queen Mary I of England did not make matters both easier. Her father-in-law encouraged her to ?assume the powerfulnessly arms in England? (Strickland). In fact, most of Catholic atomic number 63 saw Mary as the next ruler of England, and this would ?cause serious repercussions throughout Mary?s life? (Strickland). While this was not the first difference of opinion between Scotland and England, it was the first authoritative test between Mary and her cousin Elizabeth I. Elizabeth never got everyplace the fact completely that Mary was thought to have been the next heir in England, although she in the end concord that it was not Mary?s intention to rule over England.
In 1559, the king of France died and Mary and the Dauphin were crowned King and Queen of France. At this trice in time, Mary is the Queen of two indep land upent countries. This brings Elizabeth to point in timeache Mary?s power and her astounding leadership abilities. This alike rekindles Elizabeth?s solicitudes of Mary taking over the throne of England. Not only does the fear of Mary?s growing power come about, but so does jealousy of her cousin.
The year 1560 was a very tough year for Mary. Her mother died back in Scotland and not six months later her ?young husband died . . . afterward a reign of seventeen months? (The World). This leftover Mary as the sole ruler of two sovereign nations. She was ?unwilling to gentle in France and live under the domination of her mother-in-law? so she left and headed for the bare-assly Protestant Scotland. While the fear grows even more within Elizabeth, Mary is not at all concerned about England. In fact she did not even remain for a safe-conduct pass from England before embarking across the English seas back home to her native Scotland. Because of that, Elizabeth?s ships follow and police her route.
Mary?s return to Scotland was received with ?great joyfulness and celebration? (Morris). Mary immediately tried to help and end the suffering. She knew that she was succeeding a ?most troubled heritage? (Marshall). However, she precious to make a difference and start a new reign for her Scotland. She tried to keep peaceful relations with all of her neighboring, powerful countries: France, Spain, and even for a short lived time England. What was so astonishing about this fact is that she accomplished this without signing any treaties at all. While it would of given Scotland protection from invasion, it might of overly brought Scotland into a war it did not need. While she never met Elizabeth brass section to face, ?her patience was tried by the English ambassador?s persistent and obvious spying? (Marshall).
After a failed movement to negotiate a Catholic marriage to the son of Phillip II of Spain, she married her first cousin Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley in July of 1565. Her marriage was ?unacceptable to the Protestants? and therefore caused a rebellion. In 1566 they welcomed their son the future James VI of Scotland as the future heir to the throne. Elizabeth I watched these events not only with interest, but jealousy and cheer as well. She knew that her choice to remain unmarried and childless most undoubtedly meant that not only would James VI be the future ruler of Scotland, but also of her England.
Trouble for Mary started when her husband Darnley was murdered by his own nobles. In fear for her own life and the life of her newborn son she agreed to marry one of the nobles implicated in the crime, James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell. He had shown Mary an agreement the nobles had signed that express they would accept him as their King. However, they still did not rest and eventually told Mary to drop by the wayside Bothwell. She refused and to avoid bloodshed she turned herself over to the rebels. The rebel nobles had eventually forced her to abdicate her throne to her one year old son after she became extremely ill. One of her keeper?s brother helped her escape from prison house house and after a battle that her and her supporters lost, decided to go south and seek the help from her cousin, Elizabeth I. This was barely the start of another time of suffering for Mary.
When Mary finally landed in England, Elizabeth immediately had her locked up in the due north of England. It was unaware to Mary, but Elizabeth had actually helped Mary?s enemies. For a long time, Elizabeth had provided money and sanctuary to them in return for do problems for Mary. Elizabeth was scared and jealous for two reasons. Mary had almost as frequently right to the English throne as Elizabeth and Elizabeth was triskaidekaphobic that some of the Catholic people in her terra firma would know to make Mary Queen of Scotland and England. Therefore, by helping Mary?s enemies, this would cause ?continual strife? in Mary?s kingdom (Bruce). Mary was kept in prison for 19 years. This was mostly because of the ?Casket garner?. The ?Casket Letters? were ?supposedly earn and other papers belonging to Bothwell and build in his casket? that possibly implicated Mary in the murder of her husband Darnley (Marshall). They were finally determined to be forgeries. Elizabeth said of the ?Casket Letters?, ?Nothing had been sufficiently proved, whereby the Queen of England should recollect an evil opinion of her good sister? (Goodare).
From the moment Mary was imprisoned and held against her will she had planned and plotted to escape. She was moved from prison to prison and finally ended at Fotheringhay Castle.
Elizabeth was always in fear that while Mary was in England, even imprisoned, she was plotting to putting to death her and take the throne for herself and rule England and Scotland. As the years progressed the plots grew more ?outlandish and murderous? (Marshall). Finally, in October of 1586, Mary was officially charged with plotting to kill the Queen of England and claim the English throne for herself. Marshall reproduced this letter written by Elizabeth to Mary explaining her side of the theme:You have in various ways and manners assay to take my life and to bring my kingdom to destruction by bloodshed. I have never proceeded so harshly against you, but have, on the contrary, protected and maintained you like myself. These treasons will be proved to you and all made manifest. Yet it is my will, that you answer the nobles and peers of the kingdom as if I were myself present. I therefore require, charge, and command that you make answer for I have been well informed of your arrogance. bear plainly without reserve, and you will sooner be able to commence favour of me. The trail lasted for just two days and was over on October 16, 1586. Although Mary defended herself very admirably, it was known that the decision was made long before the trial even began. Although the trial was over in a hurry, it was not until February 7, 1587 that Mary was told that she was to be penalize the next day. In her final hours she made and will and wrote letters to her son and close friends back in Scotland. The morning of her consummation she was dressed in all black and looked very still and calm, in contrast to her maids and servants who were very hysterical. As she laid her head down for the executer, he was very unsteady and the first stripe with the axe sliced the back of her head, and the second was fatal. Surprisingly, as he went to hold up her head, they found that she was actually wearing a wig. Her head fell down and rolled to the ground.
Mary?s life was indeed to the full of tragedy, but it was also full of inspiration. The end of her life marked the beginning of her legend. Catholic nations noteworthy her as a ?martyr? (Morris). Henri III of France held a funeral visual modality in her honor and thousands came to worship her life. Then a year later, urged on my Mary?s execution Spain invaded England. Her son James moved her body to Westminster Abbey sixteen years later and constructed a marvelous tomb that rivaled Elizabeth?s.
It is common to think that if Mary had not been executed by her jealous cousin that she would have surpassed Elizabeth as a more famous and inspiring monarch. Her good kit and caboodle she did in Scotland have not received as much recognition as they deserved. But the legend of Mary Queen of the Scots will live forever.
Works CitedBruce, John, and Allan J. Crosby. Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots. A Rememberance of the Order and Manner and of the Burial of Mary Queen of Scots os (1867): 1-134.
Goodare, Julian. Mary Queen of Scots. My face is My Own: the Life of Mary Queen of Scots os (2006): 1-15.
Marshall, Rosalind. History of the Monarchy. Kings and Queens of Scotland. 2006. Royal Household. 23 June 2007
Morris, Jean. The Monarchs of England. New York: Charterhouse, 1975.
Strickland, Agnes, ed. Mary, Queen of Scots. English History. Apr. 2004. 23 June 2007
The World of Mary Queen of Scots. Marie Stuart. 23 June 2007
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